===== page 1 =====
“Sandra Bullock”
Vice snapshot with CCS64 palette
Made with the GIMP from a KM photo
and converted to C64 160x200
Multicolor Mode Bitmap
by Stefano Tognon
in 2002
“Here we are again!”
...
Free Software Group
1
===== page 2 =====
version 1.00
21 November 2002
2
===== page 3 =====
SIDin Contents
Editorials....................................................................................................................................................4
News..........................................................................................................................................................5
Sidplay2/w............................................................................................................................................5
JohnPlayer 1.6/2.0b..............................................................................................................................5
PSID64 0.5...........................................................................................................................................5
TSID2 0.1.............................................................................................................................................6
Ninjatrk 1.0/1.01/1.02..........................................................................................................................6
HVSC 5.1..............................................................................................................................................7
Audio::SID 3.01 & SIDedit 3.01.........................................................................................................7
The SID Compo II................................................................................................................................7
Lasse Öörni (Cadaver) Interview!............................................................................................................8
David Wittaker's Lazy Jones music routine..........................................................................................10
The Code.............................................................................................................................................10
Conclusion..........................................................................................................................................20
Matt Gray's Driller music routine..........................................................................................................21
Songs...................................................................................................................................................21
Tracks and pattern..............................................................................................................................22
Notes...................................................................................................................................................22
Instruments.........................................................................................................................................23
Arpeggio.............................................................................................................................................25
Vibrato................................................................................................................................................25
Special Effects....................................................................................................................................26
The Code.............................................................................................................................................27
Conclusion..........................................................................................................................................52
3
===== page 4 =====
Editorials
Stefano Tognon <ice00@libero.it>
Hi, again.
In this new issue of SIDin I presents two reverse engineering works about two fantastic sid
tunes: Lazy Jones and Driller. Even if you probably already know how the two authors made the
sound in the tunes, maybe someone could be interesting too.
I hope that David and Matt (Matt! Where are you?) take this work for that is: a big recognition for
their fantastic work in the C64 scene!
Remember that the right of the presented code remain to the two authors, so contact them if you
want to get a business use of it.
See you at the next issue.
Bye
4
===== page 5 =====
News
Some various news of players, programs and competition:
Sidplay2/w
JohnPlayer 1.6 and 2 beta
PSID64 0.5
TSID2 0.1
Ninjatrk 1.0/1.01/1.02
HVSC 5.1
Audio::SID 3.01 & SIDedit 3.01
The Sid Compo II
!"#$ %
Released on 20 Oct 2002 this new version of the Windows sid player supports the new RSID file
format. RSID is just a PSID (with the new PSIDv2NG extension) that require a real C64 environ-
ment to run (Real SID). As a real C64 rip can crash old sid player, changing the PSID header in
RSID allow that player to not find the sid as valid and so it did not crash.
Download from: http://www.student.nada.kth.se/~d93-alo/c64/spw
&'()* !" +,.- / 0$ #/ 12
The music player editor of Aleksi Eeben is at
version 1.6. This player uses only 7 rasterline,
so it is very indicate for demo that need to use
few rasterlines for the music.
It is also available a 2.0 beta version that has
some advantage in the steps of sound table
and sequencer, but now use 8 rasterlines.
Download the player from:
http://www.student.oulu.fi/~aeeben/
* 43 560 781/ 9
Released at 7 Nov 2002 this new version of the program that generate a C64 executable pro-
gram from a sid file now support the RSID files.
You can now listen to the real C64 rips on your C64 :-)
Download from http://sf.net/projects/psid64
5
===== page 6 =====
:<;4= ><?8@A B
After some very long delay, finally a preliminary version of TSID2 (Time Sid Manager next gen-
eration) library is available on Linux system. The library store you listening statistic about sid tunes
from a patched sid player, so you can look for your best sids.
It is totally based onto MD5 fingerprinter, so it can manages even reordered collection of sid
tunes. You can use a patched xsidplay-1.6.5pre18 version that shows all the features of the new
library.
Download all the stuff from http://sf.net/projects/tsid
CED FGIHJLKNM8BA @O B A @BPO B A @ ?
Released on 1 Nov 2002 this is a new track-
er by Lasse Öörni (Cadaver).
This tracker use only 10 rasterline and is op-
timized even for use very little quantity of
memory.
It is a player that can be used for demo pro-
grams where memory and rasterlines are lim-
ited.
Version 1.01 was released 2 weeks later and
version 1.02 some days after.
The last version has only 8 rasterlines even during badlines, so it is now more interesting.
Download from:
http://covertbitops.c64.org/tools/ninjatrk.zip
6
===== page 7 =====
QR.S6TVUW X
Released on 26/10/2002 the upgrade 33 of HVSC contains the real rip (RSID).
After this update, the collection should contain 19,203 SID files!
This update contains:
504 new SIDs
49 fixed/better rips
90 fixes of PlaySID/Sidplay1 specific SIDs
7 repeats/bad rips eliminated
317 SID credit fixes
Download the collection/upgrade from: http://www.hvsc.c64.org
Y[Z \] ^_ _ S4` acbW dXfegS4` a6h \] i.bW dX
The LaLa perl module for managing sid file (Audio::SID) and the graphical program SIDedit is
now at version 3.01.
SIDedit is a Perl/Tk GUI application that allows to read, write and edit binary SID files: the defin-
itive utility for a SID ripper!
This version has some bug fixes and the support of RSID file format.
Download from the Lala site: http://lala.c64.org
jk hlS4` aT4^mfn ^o` `
The c64.sk Music Competition, from 8 October to 4 November 2002 has
reached 30 entries from 13 counties and some other bonus tunes!
This year the competition was open to all the kind of music players, while the
previous (Goattrk compo) was open only to Goattrk player.
Here the final classification:
PLACE PTS HANDLE / GROUP / SONG NAME / TIME
1 490 Dane / Crest trial_and_error
2 465 Vip/ Padua / Role / WOW / Cyber Zound Prancah
3 452 DaFunk / Onslaught Euro(S)cream
4 439 GH lafrique
439 Yodelking of Defiers & UL-Tomten Banankorv
5 425 Dr.Voice / Magic_Carpet_Ride
6 420 Trance / X-Stayle Way_of_the_Saint
420 No-XS / Toondichters Still_in_April
7 409 Cadaver / CovertBitops TheConsultant
8 395 Jammer / MSL / Samar Sky_Flight
9 388 Oedipus Wings_of_Death
10 382 Makt One / Fairlight NagChampa
382 Sidder / MultiStyle Labs / Role MrPivo
11 379 Aleksi Eeben / CNCD RoundBlueRath
12 378 Smalltown Boy / MultiStyle Labs coffee
13 377 Luca / Fire mindfixer
14 375 Dalezy / Creators / Rebels midnightrun
15 371 A Life in Hell /WOW / Unreal internalise
16 370 Mr.Death / Creators Russian_Cow_Moolok
17 368 Mermaid / Creators / Crest in_die_Dunkelheit
18 362 Richard / TND / Civitas / PTV TwiceDelight
19 348 St0fF / N30PLA51A Wektag
20 324 Waz / Padua Very_Doubtful_Space
21 322 TDS / Creators Level_Zero
22 317 hukka / Exec kauppa
23 313 CeRRor / Ex-Xentax CerroR_MoS
24 306 pOnToNiuS Poke
25 290 Pater PI/ Church64 Star_Fox_Corneria
26 279 Alias Medron / Padua / Samar relax
27 252 Six of DLoC /Dark Lords of Chaos Hi6i11y H34v3n!
See the even at: http://www.c64.sk/index.php?content=article.php&articleid=57&id=832
7
===== page 8 =====
Lasse Öörni (Cadaver) Interview!
by Stefano Tognon
In this second issue, I present this interview with Lasse that occurs with some emails in Novem-
ber of this year. I like the Cadever's works: fantastic games with a wonderful atmosphere like in
MW series (e.g. I like the rain, or the day/night effect you can found in them) and a series of cross-
develop tools and music players.
Hello, Lasse,
Before starting say something about your real life: where do you live, what do you do...
I live near Oulu, Finland, and study physics/math/chemistry/computer science in the Oulu uni-
versity (I aim to be a teacher)
Well, you are probably know to the most by having created many bigs games for the C64:
Escape From New York, BOFH:Servers Under Siege, Metal Warrior: you had wrote anything
from engines, graphics, musics. Maybe you are one of the last full coder around that use
however the modern technology (crossdevelop)?
This is an interesting question, because I started "serious" or C64 coding and crossdeveloping
quite late, in 1998, after a break of several years;
before that I never got anything noteworthy done on the C64. So I guess that makes me quite a
newcomer. :)
But there are several coders using crossdevelopment, and more are picking it up, and big demos
& games are being created, so perhaps I wouldn't like to say "one of the last".
How about your players? You had created Music driver, SadoTracker, Goattrk and Ninjatrk.
Why you had write so many players?
I've been steadily improving as a coder, so each time, when starting a new game project, I also
wanted to rewrite the playroutine for memory or speed (rastertime) gain. Sometimes, I even wrote
editors :)
I thought Goattracker would be the ultimate for my personal use, because it was fast & easy to
compose on, but finally I had to realize that music made with it takes too much memory (because
of the patterns, they're like in Amiga/PC tracker programs). So I started the quest for the extremely
optimized playroutine/musicdata combination (Ninjatracker) :)
Speaking about music: what we must expect from you now? Another player? Other fea-
tures to one of your player (e.g. something had asked for digi-sample support in your play-
er)?
I have no experience of sample coding (although I guess it's not too hard), so it's unlikely they'd be
featured in my editor(s). Also, Goattracker has kind of reached the peak in ease-of-use vs. fea-
tures (it is missing step-programming for sounds, that would add versatility at the cost of
easiness), and Ninjatracker in speed & size, so at least now I can't see the need/possibility for an-
other player.
So, you can hope/expect that I make good music for MW4 :)
(there are also other non-C64 related guys making music for it, I'll then arrange it for C64 as ne-
cessary -- same system as with MW3)
8
===== page 9 =====
Now some quick final (standard) questions:
Real machine vs emulator: what do you think of?
Real machine is better for gaming sessions, that's for sure. :)
And a real SID is very much preferable for composing.
But emulators are very powerful tools in testing your programs.
What is the worst sid that you compose and the better one?
Worst is probably the music from Advanced Action Movie Simulator, it was done that way on pur-
pose (crapgame-compo)
About best I don't know, MW2 has some nice melodies in a couple of tunes.
Who are your best sid authors?
Quite the usual; Rob Hubbard, Martin Galway, Matt Gray, Jonathan Dunn (this guy composed the
ultimate war-feeling/heroic SIDs), Reyn Ouwehand
What are the best sids ever in your opinion?
Hubbard's Sanxion loader, and the various Ocean Loaders evoke the most feeling in me :)
Platoon, Last Ninja 2 & Last Ninja 3 soundtracks contain also nothing but brilliant tunes to me.
Usually, it's not the technicality that I care most of, but rather the melodies and the atmosphere.
Finally, many thanks for the time you give for this interview,
and now you can say any things you want for concluding this interview :)
Ok, this goes for any C64 gamedevelopers. Beware of 2 things that will get your project cancelled,
by mysterious hand of fate:
1) planning to do a Zelda project with bitmap scrolling
2) trying to do another Turrican for C64 :)
Webography:
Covert BitOps site:
http: //covertbitops.c64.org/
Lasse Öörni homepage
http://www.student.oulu.fi/~loorni/
9
===== page 10 =====
David Wittaker's Lazy Jones music routine
by Stefano Tognon <ice00@libero.it>
What to say about this game? Fantastic.
It was simple but very original and with a
music that I think all who play it did not forget.
Now I simply show you how David made this
music. You probably will be surprise to see a
so simple engine gives this magic music:
maybe it is all David talent!
First of all: the reverse engineering work is
based onto the Sid rip present in HVSC. How
you see it is not complete with the sound SX:
however it is just what we need.
If you look at the code you can see that the engine is very simple:
The 20 music peaces are with the same length (the first is a case we see after): 80h bytes of
data.
Each peaces of music contains the low/high frequency to set in the sid registers for the 2 voices
used (so 4 bytes).
There's not a note duration: each notes have the same length.
There's not special SID effect: all the notes use the same setting: Attack/Decay of 66h and 21h
wave form.
As the Decay/Released is not set (so 0), there's a simple 20h to 21h setting in the wave form
when the note changes.
Tune 1 is an exception: it is the running of tune 10 and 11 in sequences.
So from where comes the beautiful sound? I think from the music notes themselves!
Maybe David had used some frequencies that give a better result using a little less or high val-
ues from the expected. However this require me many times for investigated; so look at the code
and judge from yourself.
pq rts.u vr
This code is a reverse engineering works, so contact the copyright owner author for making any
business use of it.
I have also noted that the game was ripped from a cracked version of the game, as it contains a
faulty track (not used in the rip, but present). You can see this track at the end of the listing at the
wrong label, and you can listen to it if you change the source and you active it again.
processor 6502
org 1921
.byte "PSID"
.word $0200 ; version 2
.word $7C00 ; data offset
.byte #>init
.byte #<init
.byte #>init
.byte #<init
.byte #>IRQ
.byte #<IRQ
.word $1500 ; 21 song
.word $0100 ; default song
10
===== page 11 =====
.word $FFFF
.word $FFFF
.byte "lazy Jones",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
.byte "David Whittaker",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
.byte "1984 Terminal Software",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
.word $0000
.word $0000
.word $0000
MUSIC = $03E0 INDEX = $03E1 DELAY = $03E3 PATTL = $03E4 PATTH = $03E5 ; 1=play music
; index to freq. pattern
; delay (speed of tune)
; low pointer of pattern
; high pointer of pattern
init:
cmp #$00
beq first
tax
lda #$80
sta COMP+1
lda tableLo,x
sta LOP+1
lda tableHi,x
sta HIP+1
jmp initEngine
first:
lda #$00
sta COMP+1
lda #<Tune1
sta LOP+1
lda #>Tune1
sta HIP+1
jmp initEngine
tableLo:
.byte <Tune1, <Tune2, <Tune3, <Tune4
.byte <Tune5, <Tune6, <Tune7, <Tune8
.byte <Tune9, <Tune10, <Tune11, <Tune12
.byte <Tune13, <Tune14, <Tune15, <Tune16
.byte <Tune17, <Tune18, <Tune19, <Tune20
.byte <Tune21
tableHi:
.byte >Tune1, >Tune2, >Tune3, >Tune4
.byte >Tune5, >Tune6, >Tune7, >Tune8
.byte >Tune9, >Tune10, >Tune11, >Tune12
.byte >Tune13, >Tune14, >Tune15, >Tune16
.byte >Tune17, >Tune18, >Tune19, >Tune20
.byte >Tune21
IRQ:
Tables with pointers
to the tunes patterns
skip1:
lda MUSIC beq exit ; 0=not play
dec DELAY ; read music flag
; dec delay for speed
bne exit
lda #$0C
sta DELAY ; init the delay (speed) of tune
ldy #$00
lda ($B4),y ; read low frequency
beq skip1 ; zero?
sta $D400 ; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte)
iny
lda ($B4),Y sta $D401 ; read high freqeuncy
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte)
lda #$20
sta $D404 ; Voice 1: Control registers
lda #$21
sta $D404 ; Voice 1: Control registers
lda $B4
clc
adc #$02
sta $B4
lda $B5
adc #$00
sta $B5
ldy #$00
lda ($B4),Y ; read low frequency
beq skip2 ; zero?
sta $D407 ; Voice 2: Frequency control (lo byte)
iny
lda ($B4),Y sta $D408 ; read high freqeuncy
; Voice 2: Frequency control (hi byte)
lda #$20
sta $D40B ; Voice 2: Control registers
lda #$21
sta $D40B ; Voice 2: Control registers
11
===== page 12 =====
skip2:
COMP:
lda $B4
clc
adc #$02
sta $B4
lda $B5
adc #$00
sta $B5
inc INDEX inc INDEX
inc INDEX
inc INDEX
lda INDEX
cmp #$80 bne exit
lda #$00
sta INDEX lda PATTL sta $B4
lda PATTH
sta $B5
exit: jmp $EA31 setAD:
; inc index by 4
; end of pattern?
; set pointer to the begin
; repristinate pattern pointer
; Default hardware interrupt (IRQ)
lda #$1F
sta $D418 lda #$66
sta $D405 sta $D40C sei
lda #<IRQ
sta $0314 lda #>IRQ
sta $0315 cli
rts
initEngine:
lda #$01
sta MUSIC ; play music
lda #$00
sta INDEX lda #$0C
sta DELAY LOP:
lda #$00
sta PATTL
sta $B4
HIP:
lda #$1C
sta PATTH
sta $B5
lda #$FF
sta $D416 lda #$03
sta $D417 jsr setAD
rts
org 2400
Tune2:
.byte $D5, $07, $D2, $0F
.byte $BE, $0F, $E6, $0F
.byte $D5, $07, $FD, $07
.byte $D2, $0F, $D1, $12
.byte $D5, $07, $FD, $07
.byte $D2, $0F, $C3, $11
.byte $D5, $07, $FD, $07
.byte $BE, $0F, $E6, $0F
.byte $47, $06, $D1, $12
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $33, $06, $5B, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $33, $06, $5B, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $33, $06, $5B, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $E9, $07, $D2, $0F
.byte $BE, $0F, $E6, $0F
.byte $D5, $07, $FD, $07
.byte $D2, $0F, $D1, $12
.byte $D5, $07, $FD, $07
.byte $D2, $0F, $C3, $11
.byte $D5, $07, $FD, $07
.byte $BE, $0F, $E6, $0F
.byte $68, $09, $DA, $0B
.byte $BD, $12, $E5, $12
; Select volume and filter mode
; Generator 1: Attack/Decay
; Generator 2: Attack/Decay
; Vector: Hardware Interrupt (IRQ)
; Vector: Hardware Interrupt (IRQ)
; reset index pointer
; set delay (speed of tune)
; Filter cut frequency: hi byte
; Filter resonance control/voice input control
Now all the list of
frequencies to play
12
===== page 13 =====
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $BD, $12, $E5, $12
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $BD, $12, $E5, $12
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $BD, $12, $E5, $12
Tune3:
.byte $E9, $07, $B5, $17
.byte $D2, $0F, $B5, $17
.byte $E9, $07, $1F, $15
.byte $D2, $0F, $D1, $12
.byte $D5, $07, $1F, $15
.byte $D2, $0F, $B5, $17
.byte $D5, $07, $FD, $07
.byte $BE, $0F, $E6, $0F
.byte $68, $09, $A2, $25
.byte $D1, $12, $31, $1C
.byte $68, $09, $B5, $17
.byte $D1, $12, $1F, $15
.byte $68, $09, $B5, $17
.byte $BD, $12, $1F, $15
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $BD, $12, $B5, $17
.byte $D9, $05, $F7, $05
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $D9, $05, $F7, $05
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $D9, $05, $F7, $05
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $ED, $05, $B5, $17
.byte $DA, $0B, $C3, $11
.byte $D9, $05, $F7, $05
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $D9, $05, $C3, $11
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $D9, $05, $F7, $05
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $D9, $05, $F7, $05
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
Tune4:
.byte $0C, $07, $18, $0E
.byte $0E, $0E, $2C, $0E
.byte $0C, $07, $D2, $0F
.byte $18, $0E, $C3, $11
.byte $0C, $07, $C3, $11
.byte $18, $0E, $D1, $12
.byte $0C, $07, $C3, $11
.byte $18, $0E, $D2, $0F
.byte $ED, $05, $DA, $0B
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $ED, $05, $18, $0E
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $ED, $05, $D2, $0F
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $E3, $05, $F7, $05
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $0C, $07, $18, $0E
.byte $0E, $0E, $2C, $0E
.byte $0C, $07, $D2, $0F
.byte $18, $0E, $C3, $11
.byte $0C, $07, $C3, $11
.byte $18, $0E, $D1, $12
.byte $0C, $07, $C3, $11
.byte $18, $0E, $D2, $0F
.byte $ED, $05, $DA, $0B
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $ED, $05, $18, $0E
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $ED, $05, $B5, $17
.byte $DA, $0B, $D2, $0F
.byte $ED, $05, $B5, $17
.byte $DA, $0B, $A5, $1F
Tune5:
.byte $47, $06, $1E, $19
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $8F, $0C, $31, $1C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $47, $06, $DF, $1D
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $F7, $09, $1E, $19
.byte $DB, $13, $03, $14
.byte $E3, $09, $0B, $0A
.byte $EF, $13, $31, $1C
.byte $E3, $09, $0B, $0A
.byte $DB, $13, $03, $14
13
===== page 14 =====
.byte $F7, $09, $DF, $1D
.byte $DB, $13, $03, $14
.byte $77, $07, $1E, $19
.byte $DB, $0E, $03, $0F
.byte $6D, $07, $81, $07
.byte $EF, $0E, $31, $1C
.byte $6D, $07, $81, $07
.byte $DB, $0E, $03, $0F
.byte $77, $07, $DF, $1D
.byte $DB, $0E, $03, $0F
.byte $68, $09, $1E, $19
.byte $BD, $12, $E5, $12
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $D1, $12, $31, $1C
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $BD, $12, $E5, $12
.byte $0C, $07, $DF, $1D
.byte $04, $0E, $2C, $0E
Tune6:
.byte $61, $08, $1F, $15
.byte $AF, $10, $D7, $10
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $C3, $10, $60, $16
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $AF, $10, $D7, $10
.byte $61, $08, $1F, $15
.byte $AF, $10, $D7, $10
.byte $47, $06, $D1, $12
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $8F, $0C, $1F, $15
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $47, $06, $D1, $12
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $98, $05, $C3, $10
.byte $1C, $0B, $44, $0B
.byte $8E, $05, $A2, $05
.byte $30, $0B, $D1, $12
.byte $8E, $05, $A2, $05
.byte $1C, $0B, $44, $0B
.byte $98, $05, $C3, $10
.byte $1C, $0B, $44, $0B
.byte $47, $06, $D1, $12
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $8F, $0C, $1E, $19
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $47, $06, $A5, $1F
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
Tune7:
.byte $30, $04, $D1, $12
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $30, $04, $1F, $15
.byte $61, $08, $C3, $10
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $30, $04, $1F, $15
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $B4, $04, $D1, $12
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $B4, $04, $C3, $10
.byte $68, $09, $18, $0E
.byte $AA, $04, $BE, $04
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $AA, $04, $BE, $04
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $98, $05, $60, $16
.byte $1C, $0B, $44, $0B
.byte $98, $05, $60, $16
.byte $30, $0B, $60, $16
.byte $8E, $05, $A2, $05
.byte $1C, $0B, $44, $0B
.byte $98, $05, $60, $16
.byte $1C, $0B, $44, $0B
.byte $47, $06, $60, $16
.byte $8F, $0C, $1F, $15
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $8F, $0C, $1F, $15
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
Tune8:
.byte $47, $06, $D2, $0F
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
14
===== page 15 =====
.byte $47, $06, $18, $0E
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $30, $04, $C3, $10
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $30, $04, $D1, $12
.byte $61, $08, $1F, $15
.byte $47, $06, $D2, $0F
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $47, $06, $18, $0E
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $61, $08, $C3, $10
.byte $AF, $10, $D7, $10
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $AF, $10, $D7, $10
.byte $47, $06, $D2, $0F
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $47, $06, $18, $0E
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $30, $04, $C3, $10
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $30, $04, $D1, $12
.byte $61, $08, $1F, $15
.byte $0C, $07, $18, $0E
.byte $04, $0E, $2C, $0E
.byte $0C, $07, $C3, $10
.byte $18, $0E, $1F, $15
.byte $61, $08, $C3, $10
.byte $AF, $10, $D7, $10
.byte $61, $08, $1F, $15
.byte $C3, $10, $1E, $19
Tune9:
.byte $47, $05, $1E, $19
.byte $7B, $0A, $A3, $0A
.byte $47, $05, $1E, $19
.byte $8F, $0A, $B5, $17
.byte $47, $06, $1F, $15
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $0C, $07, $1F, $15
.byte $18, $0E, $D1, $12
.byte $47, $05, $C3, $10
.byte $7B, $0A, $A3, $0A
.byte $47, $05, $C3, $10
.byte $8F, $0A, $D2, $0F
.byte $F4, $03, $18, $0E
.byte $D5, $07, $FD, $07
.byte $B4, $04, $18, $0E
.byte $68, $09, $DA, $0B
.byte $47, $05, $1E, $19
.byte $7B, $0A, $A3, $0A
.byte $47, $05, $1E, $19
.byte $8F, $0A, $A5, $1F
.byte $47, $06, $1F, $15
.byte $9F, $0C, $C7, $0C
.byte $0C, $07, $1F, $15
.byte $18, $0E, $1E, $19
.byte $E9, $07, $87, $21
.byte $BE, $0F, $E6, $0F
.byte $E9, $07, $87, $21
.byte $D2, $0F, $A5, $1F
.byte $0C, $07, $31, $1C
.byte $04, $0E, $2C, $0E
.byte $47, $06, $1E, $19
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
Tune1:
Tune10: ; also tune 1 (with tune 11)
; .=low ^=hi
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04 ; . H1 C2
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08 ; . H2 C3
.byte $30, $04, $8F, $0C ; ^ H1 F#3
.byte $61, $08, $8F, $0A ; ^ H2 D#3
.byte $30, $04, $61, $08 ; ^ H1 H2
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08 ; . H2 C3
.byte $30, $04, $C3, $10 ; ^ H1 H-3
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08 ; . H2 C3
.byte $30, $04, $8F, $0A ; ^ H1 D#3
.byte $61, $08, $30, $0B ; ^ H2 E3
.byte $30, $04, $DA, $0B ; ^ H1 F3
.byte $61, $08, $8F, $0C ; ^ H2 F#3
.byte $30, $04, $61, $08 ; ^ H1 H2
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08 ; . H2 C3
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04 ; . H1 C2
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08 ; . H2 C3
.byte $30, $04, $8F, $0A ; ^ H1 D#3
.byte $61, $08, $30, $0B ; ^ H2 E3
.byte $30, $04, $DA, $0B ; ^ H1 F3
.byte $61, $08, $8F, $0C ; ^ H2 F#3
.byte $30, $04, $30, $0B ; ^ H1 E3
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08 ; . H2 C3
15
===== page 16 =====
.byte $30, $04, $8F, $0A ; ^ H1 D#3
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08 ; . H2 C3
.byte $30, $04, $61, $08 ; ^ H1 H2
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08 ; . H2 C3
.byte $30, $04, $C3, $10 ; ^ H1 H-3
.byte $61, $08, $8F, $0C ; ^ H2 F#3
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04 ; . H1 C2
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08 ; . H2 C3
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04 ; . H1 C2
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08 ; . H2 C3
Tune11:
.byte $30, $04, $8F, $0A ; ^ H1 D#3
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08 ; . H2 C3
.byte $30, $04, $8F, $0A ; ^ H1 D#3
.byte $61, $08, $8F, $0A ; ^ H2 D#3
.byte $30, $04, $8F, $0A ; ^ H1 D#3
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08 ; . H2 C3
.byte $30, $04, $30, $0B ; ^ H1 E3
.byte $61, $08, $68, $09 ; ^ H2 ...
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $47, $06, $68, $09
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $47, $06, $68, $09
.byte $8F, $0C, $8F, $0A
.byte $47, $06, $68, $09
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $47, $06, $61, $08
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $30, $04, $61, $08
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $30, $04, $C3, $10
.byte $61, $08, $8F, $0C
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
Tune12:
.byte $ED, $05, $C3, $11
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $E3, $05, $F7, $05
.byte $DA, $0B, $EF, $13
.byte $E3, $05, $F7, $05
.byte $DA, $0B, $B5, $17
.byte $E3, $05, $F7, $05
.byte $DA, $0B, $EF, $13
.byte $70, $04, $4E, $0D
.byte $CD, $08, $F5, $08
.byte $66, $04, $7A, $04
.byte $E1, $08, $EF, $0E
.byte $66, $04, $7A, $04
.byte $E1, $08, $C3, $11
.byte $66, $04, $7A, $04
.byte $E1, $08, $EF, $0E
.byte $ED, $05, $C3, $11
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $E3, $05, $F7, $05
.byte $DA, $0B, $EF, $13
.byte $E3, $05, $F7, $05
.byte $DA, $0B, $B5, $17
.byte $E3, $05, $F7, $05
.byte $DA, $0B, $EF, $13
.byte $E1, $08, $DF, $27
.byte $AF, $11, $D7, $11
.byte $CD, $08, $F5, $08
.byte $C3, $11, $86, $23
.byte $CD, $08, $F5, $08
.byte $C3, $11, $DF, $1D
.byte $CD, $08, $F5, $08
.byte $C3, $11, $9C, $1A
Tune13:
.byte $68, $09, $D1, $12
.byte $BD, $12, $E5, $12
.byte $68, $09, $31, $1C
.byte $D1, $12, $60, $16
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $BD, $12, $E5, $12
.byte $68, $09, $D1, $12
.byte $BD, $12, $E5, $12
.byte $86, $03, $C3, $10
.byte $02, $07, $16, $07
16
===== page 17 =====
.byte $86, $03, $31, $1C
.byte $0C, $07, $1F, $15
.byte $7C, $03, $90, $03
.byte $02, $07, $16, $07
.byte $86, $03, $C3, $10
.byte $02, $07, $16, $07
.byte $47, $06, $D2, $0F
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $47, $06, $1E, $19
.byte $8F, $0C, $D1, $12
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $23, $03, $D2, $0F
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $23, $03, $D1, $12
.byte $47, $06, $D2, $0F
.byte $23, $03, $A2, $25
.byte $47, $06, $87, $21
.byte $23, $03, $A5, $1F
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
Tune14:
.byte $30, $04, $87, $21
.byte $61, $08, $87, $21
.byte $30, $04, $87, $21
.byte $61, $08, $87, $21
.byte $30, $04, $87, $21
.byte $61, $08, $87, $21
.byte $30, $04, $87, $21
.byte $61, $08, $87, $21
.byte $30, $04, $87, $21
.byte $61, $08, $3C, $32
.byte $30, $04, $87, $21
.byte $61, $08, $3C, $32
.byte $30, $04, $87, $21
.byte $61, $08, $3C, $32
.byte $30, $04, $87, $21
.byte $61, $08, $3C, $32
.byte $47, $06, $3C, $32
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $47, $06, $3C, $32
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $47, $06, $3E, $2A
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
Tune15:
.byte $FB, $04, $EF, $13
.byte $E3, $09, $0B, $0A
.byte $F1, $04, $05, $05
.byte $F7, $09, $EF, $0E
.byte $F1, $04, $05, $05
.byte $E3, $09, $0B, $0A
.byte $FB, $04, $EF, $13
.byte $E3, $09, $0B, $0A
.byte $A7, $06, $EF, $13
.byte $E3, $09, $0B, $0A
.byte $9D, $06, $B1, $06
.byte $F7, $09, $C3, $10
.byte $9D, $06, $B1, $06
.byte $E3, $09, $0B, $0A
.byte $A7, $06, $EF, $13
.byte $E3, $09, $0B, $0A
.byte $77, $07, $EF, $13
.byte $DB, $0E, $F8, $0E
.byte $6D, $07, $81, $07
.byte $EF, $0E, $D1, $12
.byte $6D, $07, $81, $07
.byte $DB, $0E, $03, $0F
.byte $77, $07, $C3, $10
.byte $DB, $0E, $03, $0F
.byte $EF, $0E, $D1, $12
.byte $CB, $1D, $F3, $1D
.byte $DB, $0E, $03, $0F
.byte $DF, $1D, $EF, $13
.byte $DB, $0E, $03, $0F
.byte $CB, $1D, $F3, $1D
.byte $EF, $0E, $60, $16
.byte $CB, $1D, $F3, $1D
17
===== page 18 =====
Tune16:
.byte $30, $04, $A2, $25
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $30, $04, $3E, $2A
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $30, $04, $87, $21
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $30, $04, $C3, $10
.byte $61, $08, $1E, $19
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $30, $04, $1E, $19
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $30, $04, $C3, $10
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $30, $04, $87, $21
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $30, $04, $3E, $2A
.byte $61, $08, $A2, $25
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
Tune17:
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $00, $00, $00, $00
.byte $1C, $0B, $44, $0B
.byte $30, $04, $8F, $0C
.byte $E3, $09, $0B, $0A
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $47, $06, $E9, $07
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $00, $00, $00, $00
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $47, $06, $61, $08
.byte $C1, $07, $E9, $07
.byte $9D, $06, $B1, $06
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $FB, $04, $98, $05
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $00, $00, $00, $00
.byte $9D, $06, $B1, $06
.byte $FB, $04, $47, $06
.byte $8E, $05, $A2, $05
.byte $F1, $04, $05, $05
.byte $8E, $05, $A2, $05
.byte $47, $06, $0C, $07
.byte $D5, $07, $FD, $07
.byte $00, $00, $00, $00
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $47, $06, $E9, $07
.byte $9D, $06, $B1, $06
.byte $F1, $04, $05, $05
.byte $AA, $04, $BE, $04
Tune18:
.byte $ED, $05, $B5, $17
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $ED, $05, $1F, $15
.byte $DA, $0B, $B5, $17
.byte $E3, $05, $F7, $05
.byte $DA, $0B, $1F, $15
.byte $ED, $05, $B5, $17
.byte $DA, $0B, $A5, $1F
.byte $ED, $05, $B5, $17
.byte $C6, $0B, $EE, $0B
.byte $ED, $05, $1F, $15
.byte $DA, $0B, $B5, $17
.byte $E3, $05, $F7, $05
.byte $DA, $0B, $1F, $15
.byte $ED, $05, $B5, $17
.byte $DA, $0B, $A5, $1F
.byte $D5, $07, $FD, $07
.byte $BE, $0F, $E6, $0F
.byte $E9, $07, $C3, $10
.byte $D2, $0F, $D1, $12
18
===== page 19 =====
.byte $E9, $07, $C3, $10
.byte $BE, $0F, $E6, $0F
.byte $D5, $07, $FD, $07
.byte $D2, $0F, $18, $0E
.byte $D5, $07, $D2, $0F
.byte $BE, $0F, $E6, $0F
.byte $D5, $07, $FD, $07
.byte $BE, $0F, $E6, $0F
.byte $D5, $07, $FD, $07
.byte $BE, $0F, $E6, $0F
.byte $D5, $07, $FD, $07
.byte $BE, $0F, $E6, $0F
Tune19:
.byte $30, $04, $EF, $0E
.byte $61, $08, $18, $0E
.byte $30, $04, $8F, $0C
.byte $61, $08, $8F, $0A
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04
.byte $61, $08, $F7, $09
.byte $30, $04, $8F, $0A
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $30, $04, $C3, $10
.byte $61, $08, $EF, $0E
.byte $30, $04, $8F, $0C
.byte $61, $08, $8F, $0A
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $98, $05, $C3, $10
.byte $30, $0B, $EF, $0E
.byte $98, $05, $18, $0E
.byte $30, $0B, $8F, $0C
.byte $8E, $05, $A2, $05
.byte $1C, $0B, $44, $0B
.byte $98, $05, $8F, $0C
.byte $1C, $0B, $44, $0B
.byte $47, $06, $EF, $0E
.byte $8F, $0C, $18, $0E
.byte $47, $06, $8F, $0C
.byte $8F, $0C, $8F, $0A
.byte $3D, $06, $51, $06
.byte $8F, $0C, $F7, $09
.byte $47, $06, $8F, $0A
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
Tune20:
.byte $AA, $04, $BE, $04
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $B4, $04, $D1, $12
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $B4, $04, $D1, $12
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $B4, $04, $D1, $12
.byte $68, $09, $C3, $10
.byte $B4, $04, $1F, $15
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $B4, $04, $D1, $12
.byte $68, $09, $18, $0E
.byte $AA, $04, $BE, $04
.byte $68, $09, $D1, $12
.byte $AA, $04, $BE, $04
.byte $54, $09, $7C, $09
.byte $8E, $05, $A2, $05
.byte $1C, $0B, $44, $0B
.byte $98, $05, $C3, $10
.byte $1C, $0B, $44, $0B
.byte $98, $05, $C3, $10
.byte $1C, $0B, $44, $0B
.byte $98, $05, $C3, $10
.byte $30, $0B, $D1, $12
.byte $0C, $07, $C3, $10
.byte $04, $0E, $2C, $0E
.byte $0C, $07, $18, $0E
.byte $04, $0E, $2C, $0E
.byte $02, $07, $16, $07
.byte $04, $0E, $2C, $0E
.byte $02, $07, $16, $07
.byte $04, $0E, $2C, $0E
Tune21:
.byte $1C, $04, $44, $04
.byte $61, $08, $C3, $10
.byte $30, $04, $EF, $13
.byte $61, $08, $60, $16
.byte $30, $04, $1E, $19
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $1C, $04, $44, $04
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
19
===== page 20 =====
.byte $1C, $04, $44, $04
.byte $61, $08, $C3, $10
.byte $30, $04, $EF, $13
.byte $61, $08, $60, $16
.byte $30, $04, $1E, $19
.byte $61, $08, $9C, $1A
.byte $30, $04, $1E, $19
.byte $61, $08, $EF, $13
.byte $98, $05, $60, $16
.byte $1C, $0B, $44, $0B
.byte $84, $05, $AC, $05
.byte $1C, $0B, $44, $0B
.byte $47, $06, $EF, $13
.byte $7B, $0C, $A3, $0C
.byte $47, $06, $1E, $19
.byte $7B, $0C, $C3, $10
.byte $26, $04, $3A, $04
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $1C, $04, $44, $04
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $1C, $04, $44, $04
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
.byte $1C, $04, $44, $04
.byte $4D, $08, $75, $08
wrong:
.byte $3F, $3F, $37, $7F
.byte $6F, $7F, $6F, $1F
.byte $FC, $FC, $EC, $FE
.byte $F6, $FE, $F6, $F8
.byte $E0, $FF, $EF, $FF
.byte $EF, $EF, $FF, $E0
.byte $07, $FF, $F7, $FF
.byte $F7, $F7, $FF, $07
.byte $00, $00, $18, $3C
.byte $3C, $3C, $18, $00
.byte $3E, $63, $C6, $C0
.byte $E0, $F1, $7F, $3E
.byte $00, $00, $3C, $66
.byte $C6, $C7, $6C, $38
.byte $00, $00, $3C, $66
.byte $CC, $C1, $66, $3C
.byte $30, $30, $32, $6D
.byte $78, $F0, $D9, $CE
.byte $60, $60, $61, $F3
.byte $C6, $C6, $CE, $7B
.byte $01, $03, $B0, $F3
.byte $63, $66, $6E, $B7
.byte $98, $18, $19, $33
.byte $31, $70, $B6, $1B
.byte $00, $00, $F0, $18
.byte $80, $60, $33, $E3
.byte $00, $00, $00, $00
.byte $FF, $00, $00, $00
.byte $18, $18, $18, $18
.byte $18, $18, $18, $18
.byte $00, $00, $00, $00
.byte $0F, $1C, $18, $18
w4xyz{ |}~ xy
Well, as you see this is a very simple engine music (I can say that it is the most simple I had
seen until now). However don't forget that the game is from 1984, so it was develop at the begin-
ning of the Commodore time.
The last thing you may want to know is that this engine use a maximum of 4 rasterlines when it
is piking a new note, and only 1 rasterline in the other case.
20
===== page 21 =====
Matt Gray's Driller music routine
by Stefano Tognon <ice00@libero.it>
Driller is one of the tune that I listen more often in the past. I built a special cable for recording
the tune in the stereo from the C64, for listen it
every day.
Else this tune is that make me found the
HVSC in the net in late '99 when I search for a
Driller image file, and I so found that I'm not the
unique people that was listen to sid music.
Th code presented is a my reverse engineer-
ing work about the psid rip of Driller that is
present in the HVSC. So this is probably not a
100% version of the engine, as the rip did not
contains the sound fx. However in the code you
can see a not used notes pattern.
I have not yet investigate how the Matt's en-
gine is evolved during the time, however Matt had used other music engine like RockMonitor 2/3
and MusicMaster.
6
The engine is based onto songs. There is a table (songs) shows below where there are to insert
the pointers to the songs tracks.
songs =*
ltr1:
.byte $00
.byte <drillerMainTr1
htr1:
.byte $00
.byte >drillerMainTr1
ltr2:
.byte $00
.byte <drillerMainTr2
htr2:
.byte $00
.byte >drillerMainTr2
ltr3:
.byte $00
.byte <drillerMainTr3
htr3:
.byte $00
.byte >drillerMainTr3
Song 0 is for setting the sound to zero volume, where other number set the tracks for that song
(in Driller song 1 is the main theme). You have to add the pointers (low/high) if you want to have
more songs used by the engine.
For playing one song is simple: set his number in the songsNumber variable. The engine will
start the selected song and the variable will be set to $AB (that means current song).
21
===== page 22 =====
I l8 II
Each songs is made by 3 tracks and each tracks contains the number of the pattern to play. For
examples:
drillerMainTr1:
.byte $01, $01, $07, $09
.byte $09, $09, $01, $07
In the first track of the song 1, it is to play in sequence the patterns 01, 01, 07, 09 ... and so on.
Two special pattern numbers are reserved: $FF restart the execution of the track, while the $FE
stop the sound when it is reached.
Each pattern is a pointer to data contains notes (as we will see in next paragraph), so this point-
er are to be declared in two tables: patptl and patpth:
;low pointers
patptl =*
.byte <pnt00
.byte <pnt01
.byte <pnt02
...
;high pointers
patpth =*
.byte >pnt00
.byte >pnt01
.byte >pnt02
...
.
Each patterns contain the sequences of notes to play.
byte description
$00 Made gate = 0 for the previous note
$xx The xx number of note to play
$FA nn Select instrument number nn
$FB mm Make a negative portamento of value mm
$FC pp Make a positive portamento of value pp
$FD kk Set the duration of notes to kk
$FF End of notes in this pattern
Let I make some examples of pattern and data:
pnt27 =*
.byte $FA, $0C
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $31, $3D, $49, $3D
.byte $31, $3D, $49, $3D
.byte $FF
In this pattern, it is selected to use the instrument $0C, then to use a very short sound duration
22
===== page 23 =====
($01) and so to play notes number $31, $3D, $49, $3D
pnt18 =*
.byte $FA, $13
.byte $FD, $07
.byte $FC, $37, $45
.byte $FD, $2F
.byte $47
.byte $FD, $07
.byte $FB, $7F, $47
...
In this pattern it is select instrument number $13, length of $07, a positive portamento on note
$45 with intensity $37. Then note $47 is played for $2F time and then, for $07 time a negative
portamento of intensity $7F is apply to note $47.
A special case is note $00. When this note is reached, the previous note is played with the same
settings, but with the gate bit set to 0, so the release phase will start. You can heart this effect in
the last long sound at the end of the tune.
NtN
The instruments contains many timbre effect like arpeggio, pulse wave routine and waveforms
switch routine (useful for drum sound). Else it contains portamento and vibrato effects that can be
apply to the instruments.
The instruments are specified by compiling two tables of 8 bytes each.
In the first there are to insert these values:
Byte Descripition
Hi/Lo pulse of Wave
waveform
If you use a rectangular waveform, this byte specify the pulse
it may use.
As the pulse is set by two sid registers, here there is only two
nibble used as in this examples:
value: xxyy (xx and yy = nibble)
low of pulsed set: xx00
high of pulsed set: 00yy
Control register This is the value used for setting the sid control register for
this instrument
Attack/Decay The AD sid value for the instrument
Sustain/Release The SR sid value for the instrument
23
===== page 24 =====
Byte Descripition
This value is for rectangular waveform and control how much
increment/decrement must be used for a pulse variable effect
(you can think it as the speed step of variation of the duty
cycle). The direction of the variation is changed when
reaching the max and min value for the pulse width.
Wave amplitude inc/dec
value
These value are hardcore in the engine and are 08 for the
min and 0E for the max (so the high byte of pulse goes from
$08 to $0E - pulse from 2048 to 3584-).
hi/lo value for arpeggio
effect
This control the arpeggio effect to apply to the note.
The value xxyy is to be see as:
xx: the number of notes to add in sequence for the arpeggio
yy: the pointer index to a table that contains the values to add
to the note
See the example for how the table can be compiled
Control register Control register set at the end of the note, but in the same
frame of when setting the new note.
Instrument effects
This is a bits field value that control witch effects to apply:
bit 0: (1) a frequency/wave effect
bit 1: (2) re-set instrument pulse at each new note
bit 3: (4) waveform switch
The second table contains the other values that can be set for the instruments:
Byte Description
vibrato freq. value Value of the vibrato frequency used for add/sub
vibrato length Length of the vibrato effect (see example)
Control register Control used for the first two frames when effect of bit 2 is on,
and even when effect of bit 1 is on
portamento value Value of the portamento: it is added/subtracted from the LOW
of HIGH byte of frequency according to the portamento flag
portamento flag This byte specify the type of instrument portamento to
achieve:
$00: no portamento for the instrument
$01: negative portamento LOW
$02: positive portamento LOW
$03. negative portamento HIGH
$xx: positive portamento HIGH
24
===== page 25 =====
Byte Description
length duration cycle for effect 1
0 Not used
0 Not used
[N
Now I illustrate how to use the arpeggio table.
First, It can be create a table like this:
PointerLo:
.byte <Table0
PointerHi:
.byte >Table0
.byte <Table1
.byte >Table1
.byte <Table2
.byte >Table2
Then it must be create the sequence of values (halftone) to add for the arpeggio:
Table0:
.byte Table1:
Table2:
$00, $08, $12 ; length to use is 3
.byte $00, $08 ; length to use is 2
.byte $00, $04, $08 ; length to use is 3
So, a value of 30 in the arpeggio effect means: use arpeggio'sTable0 and 3 values, while a
value of 22 means: use arpeggio's Table2 and 2 values (instead of the 3 inserted in the table).
As you can see this method allow to use a very complex arpeggio effect in the tune
¡[ ¢I£¤
The vibrato routine is quite complex as it is very configurable. You can set the frequency value
and the length (intensity) of the vibrato (the byte 0 and 1 in the instrument table 2).
Let me call V the first value and L the second one and F the actual frequency. The vibrato
routine made so this cycle:
0 1 2 3 4
F=F-V
(L times)
F=F-V
F=F+V
(L times)
F=F+V
F=F+V
(L times)
F=F+V
F=F-V
(L times)
F=F-V
F=F-V
(L times)
F=F-V
The cycle start from 0, but when reached 4 it restart from position 1.
So as examples a value of V=10 and L=2 with an A4 note (440Hz) will produce this sequence of
frequency:
430, 420, 430, 440, 450, 460, 450, 440, 430, 420, 430, ecc.
25
===== page 26 =====
¥¦ § ¨© ª«¬ ­ ­®§¨ ¯I°
As we see in the first instrument's table, there are some effects that are activated by the last
byte that are associated with the instrument:
bit 0: This bit activated a frequency/wave effect that use byte 5 of second table as parameter.
bit 1: Use the wave pulse set in the instrument at each note that are to be played. If this bit is
not set, the last pulsed that was used in the last note is replicated for the new note.
bit 2: Waveform switch: when this is set in the first two frames it is used the waveform that
comes for the control register in the byte 3 of the second instrument table. Then the normal
waveform is used.
So, bit 1 is to be used for maintaining the timbre of the instrument for each note or for not having
a difference in the sound from one note to another. Bit 2 is to be used for drums effect.
Bit 0 if for making a effect that I don't know how to call, but I can describe: essentially the sound
at a given frequency is played with control register from byte 2 of second table and after with a
noise sound that is played with a high frequency that is constantly decrease and putted out after
an xor-operation to 23h constant. This sequence continue and the length of the decrease seems
given by the 5° byte of the second table (but the code seems to use a different comportment) .
So, an example: if control byte is C, and the cycle is of 1, with high frequency equals to F we
have at each clock tick (note that if there's portamento for the instrument, the F used is the actual
value it were reached):
D404=C D401=F
D401=81h D401=(F-1) xor 23h
and so one.
If now the cycle is of 3, we have:
D404=C D401=F
D401=81h D401=(F-1) xor 23h
D404=C D401=F
D401=81h D401=(F-1) xor 23h
D404=C D401=F
D401=81h D401=(F-1) xor 23h
Note that at the first tick, before setting D404=C the player set D404=control register of instru-
ment at byte 1 of first table.
Even if from this description seems that the length gives not a different result, it is possible that
my analysis is faulty (I have not yet experimented this flag)
26
===== page 27 =====
pq rts.u vr
This code is a reverse engineering works, so contact the copyright owner author for making any
business use of it.
; Driller by Matt Gray 1997
; estracted from the sid in HVSC
; NOTE: the prg goes at VIC speed as I use this for misuring rastertime:
; activate the CIA for having the true speed.
.ifdef sid
.byte "PSID"
.word $0200 ; version 2
.word $7C00 ; data offset
.word $0000 ; load address in cbm format
.byte >initsongs
.byte <initsongs
.byte >serviceMusic
.byte <serviceMusic
.word $0100 ; 1 song
.word $0100 ; default song
.word $FFFF
.word $FFFF
.byte "Driller",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
.byte "Matt Gray",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
.byte "1988 Incentive",0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
.word $0000
.word $0000
.word $0000
.byte 00
.byte 09
.org $0900
.else
;=================================
; PRG start address
;=================================
.byte $01,$08
;=================================
; BASIC startup program
;=================================
.byte $0b,$08,$e8,$03,$9e,"2061",0,0,0
.org 2061
jsr initsongs
jsr activeCiaIrq
aaa: jmp aaa
.endif
makeMusic =*
lda songsNumber
bne songNotZero
sta $D418 rts
; Select volume and filter mode (to 0)
songNotZero:
cmp #$AB beq makeCurrent
jmp initTr ; current songs ?
; init the tracks
initMusic =*
lda #$00 sta $D404 sta $D40B sta $D412 ; clear control register
; Voice 1: Control registers
; Voice 2: Control registers
; Voice 3: Control registers
lda #$0F ; full volume
sta $D418 ; Select volume and filter mode
ldy #$00
sty offsetTr1 ; set track 1 position to the beginning
sty offsetTr2 ; set track 2 position to the beginning
sty offsetTr3 ; set track 3 position to the beginning
sty actNoteLength ; actual note length duration voice 1
sty actNoteLength+$7 ; actual note length duration voice 2
sty actNoteLength+$E ; actual note length duration voice 3
sty ptnInd1 ; set pattern index to the beginning
sty ptnInd2
sty ptnInd3
iny
sty actSpeed ; actual cycle timer (speed of song)
27
===== page 28 =====
jmp decCycleTimer
makeCurrent:
ldy instrInd,x lda instr1+7,y and #$04 beq noEffect4
; index of instrument data
; load instrument effect
; is effect 4?
; change the control register for making a sound effect
controlEffect:
effect4:
lda dur4Eff,x ; read duration of effect 4 switch
beq applyNormalControl
dec dur4Eff,x ; dec duration of effect 4 switch
lda instr2+2,y ; control register
sta $D404,x ; Voice 1: Control registers
bne noEffect4
applyNormalControl:
lda instr1+1,y ; control register
sta $D404,x ; Voice 1: Control registers
noEffect4:
lda actSpeed bne noDelayEnd
dec actNoteLength,x bmi readPattern noDelayEnd:
jmp pulseTimbre
; actual cycle timer (speed of song)
; actual note length duration
; jump if note is finished
; init tracks with selected songs
initTr =*
ldy songsNumber lda ltr1,y sta currentTr1+0 lda htr1,y
sta currentTr1+1 ; load song number (1, 2)
; set current track 1
; current track 1 position (base)
; current track 1 position (base)
lda ltr2,y sta currentTr2+0 lda htr2,y
sta currentTr2+1 ; set current track 2
; current track 2 position (base)
; current track 2 position (base)
lda ltr3,y sta currentTr3+0 lda htr3,y
sta currentTr3+1 ; set current track 3
; current track 3 position (base)
; current track 3 position (base)
lda songSpeed,y sta speed jmp initMusic
; read the song speed
; cycle timer (speed of song)
; decrement the cycle timer (speed of song)
decCycleTimer =*
cpx #$0E ; is voice 3 ?
bne skipDec ; no, jump
dec actSpeed ; actual cycle timer (speed of song)
bpl skipDec ; jump if positive
lda speed ; cycle timer (speed of song)
sta actSpeed ; actual cycle timer (speed of song)
skipDec:
lda #$AB ; current song
sta songsNumber
rts
; give in FD-FE the pattern pointer to a note
readPattern:
lda currentTr1+0,x sta $FB
lda currentTr1+1,x sta $FC ; current track 1 position (base)
; current track 1 position (base)
; FB-FC: track pattern pointer
ldy offsetTr1,x lda ($FB),y tay
lda patptl,y sta $FD
lda patpth,y sta $FE ; read actual track position (offset)
; read actual track pattern pointer value
; read pattern pointer low
; read pattern pointer high
; FD-FE: pattern pointer
lda #$FF
sta controlSwitch ; on ADS
lda #$00
sta portaFlag,x ; no portamento
sta arpeggioFlag,x ; no arpeggio
sta vibratoFlag,x ; no vibrato
28
===== page 29 =====
; read the pattern value of note to play
readNextPat:
ldy ptnInd,x ; load pattern index of this voice
lda ($FD),y ; read a pattern value
cmp #$FD ; note length
bcc notFD ; jump if <$FD
iny inc ptnInd,x lda ($FD),y sta noteLength,x ; next pattern value index
; next (saved) pattern value index
; read a pattern value (note duration)
; store note length duration
incPtnInd:
inc ptnInd,x bne readNextPat
; next (saved) patter value index
notFD:
cmp #$FB
bcc notFB ; jump if <$FB
cmp #$FB
bne isFC ; jump if <>$FB
isFB:
lda #$01 ; negative portamento
storePort:
sta portaFlag,x iny inc ptnInd,x lda ($FD),y sta portaVal,x ; store in portamento flag
; next pattern value index
; next (saved) pattern value index
; read a pattern value
; store pattern value (portamento)
lda #$00
sta arpeggioFlag,x ; no arpeggio
sta vibratoFlag,x ; no vibrato
beq incPtnInd
isFC:
lda #$02 ; positive portamento
bne storePort ; store portamento value
notFB:
cmp #$FA
bcc newNote ; jump if <$FA
; select new instruments
iny inc ptnInd,x lda ($FD),y ; next pattern value index
; next (saved) pattern value index
; read a pattern value (instrument index)
asl
asl
asl ; index * 8
sta instrInd,x ; index of instruments data
tay
lda instr1+0,y ; read Hi/Lo of pulsation amplitude
pha
and #$0F
sta hi1Wave,x sta hi2Wave,x pla
; Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
; Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
and #$F0
sta lo1Wave,x sta lo2Wave,x jmp incPtnInd
; Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
; Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
newNote:
sta rpNote,x ; store packet note (readed note to play)
lda noteLength,x sta actNoteLength,x ; note length duration
; actual note length duration
lda #$00
sta cycleInt,x
sta cycleEst,x
lda #$02
sta dur4Eff,x ; set duration of effect 4 switch
ldy instrInd,x ; index of instrument data
lda instr1+7,y ; instrument effect
and #$02 ; is effect 2?
beq noEffect2
effect2:
lda lo2Wave,x ; Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
29
===== page 30 =====
sta lo1Wave,x ; Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
lda hi2Wave,x sta hi1Wave,x ; Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
; Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
noEffect2:
lda rpNote,x bne notZero
; readed note to play
lda pNote,x sta rpNote,x lda #$00
sta pNote,x ldy instrInd,x dec controlSwitch
bne setVoice
; note to play
; readed note to play
; note to play
; index of instrument data
notZero:
sta pNote,x tay
; note to play
lda frequencyHi,y
sta $D401,x sta freqHi1Eff,x sta freqPortHi,x ; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte)
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for effect 1
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
lda frequencyLo,y
sta $D400,x sta freqLo1Eff,x sta freqPortLo,x ; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte)
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte)
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte) for portamento
ldy instrInd,x lda instr1+6,y sta $D404,x ; index of instrument data
; control register (ADS off)
; Voice 1: Control registers
setVoice:
lda instr1+1,y ; control register
and controlSwitch ; change ADS
sta $D404,x ; Voice 1: Control registers
lda instr1+2,y sta $D405,x ; read A/D value
; Generator 1: Attack/Decay
lda instr1+3,y sta $D406,x ; read S/R value
; Generator 1: Sustain/Release
lda lo1Wave,x sta $D402,x ; Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
; Voice 1: Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
lda hi1Wave,x sta $D403,x ; Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
; Voice 1: Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
inc ptnInd,x ldy ptnInd,x lda ($FD),y ; next (saved) pattern value index
; load pattern value index
; read a pattern value
cmp #$FF bne noEndPattern
; end of pattern
endPattern:
lda #$00
sta ptnInd,x ; set pattern value index to the beginning
inc offsetTr1,x ldy offsetTr1,x
; next track position (offset)
lda ($FB),y cmp #$FF bne noEndTrack
; read next track pattern pointer
; end of pattern ?
endTrack:
lda #$00
sta offsetTr1,x beq noEndPattern
; set track position to the beginning
noEndTrack:
cmp #$FE bne noEndPattern
; end of song (no repeat)
lda #$00
sta songsNumber rts
; nothing song to play
noEndPattern:
lda pNote,x ; note to play
beq pulseTimbre
ldy instrInd,x ; index of instrument data
lda portaFlag,x ; portamento flag
bne skipSetPort
lda instr2+4,y ; read portamento flag for the instrument
30
===== page 31 =====
beq skipPortaInstr
sta portaFlag,x ; store portamento flag
lda instr2+3,y ; read portamento value
sta portaVal,x ; portamento value
skipSetPort:
jmp testMakePortamento
skipPortaInstr:
lda instr1+5,y beq skipArpeggioInit
jmp arpeggioInit
; hi/lo value for arpeggio
skipArpeggioInit:
sta arpeggioFlag,x
lda instr2+0,y beq noOscEffect
jmp vibratoInit
; read oscillating frequency value
noOscEffect:
sta vibratoFlag,x ; no vibrato
jmp decCycleTimer
;=================================
; pulse-width timbre routine
;=================================
pulseTimbre:
lda instr1+4,y sta ampVar beq afterWaveShifting
; Wave amplitude inc/dec value
; store for late use
lda pulseDirFlag,x
bne decWave
clc
lda lo1Wave,x adc ampVar
sta lo1Wave,x sta $D402,x ; Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
; Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
; Voice 1: Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
lda hi1Wave,x adc #$00
sta hi1Wave,x sta $D403,x ; Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
; Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
; Voice 1: Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
clc
cmp #$0E
bcc afterWaveShifting
inc pulseDirFlag,x
bne afterWaveShifting
decWave:
lda lo1Wave,x sec
sbc ampVar
sta lo1Wave,x sta $D402,x ; Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
; Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
; Voice 1: Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
lda hi1Wave,x sbc #$00
sta hi1Wave,x sta $D403,x ; Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
; Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
; Voice 1: Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
clc
cmp #$08
bcs afterWaveShifting
dec pulseDirFlag,x
afterWaveShifting:
lda arpeggioFlag,x beq testVibratoEff
; test for made arpeggio
;=================================
; make the arpeggio
;=================================
makeArpeggio:
lda lowInd,x asl
tay
lda pointerLo,y sta adcArp+1
lda pointerHi,y sta adcArp+2
lda actualCycle,x
cmp limitCycle,x
bne noResetCylce
lda #$00
; low index for arpeggio table
; low pointer of arpeggio table
; high pointer of arpeggio table
31
===== page 32 =====
sta actualCycle,x
noResetCylce:
tay
lda rpNote,x clc
adcArp:
adc TableArp0,y tay lda frequencyLo,y
sta $D400,x lda frequencyHi,y
sta $D401,x inc actualCycle,x
jmp decCycleTimer
testVibratoEff:
lda vibratoFlag,x bne vibratoEffect jmp testMakePortamento
;=================================
; make the vibrato
;=================================
vibratoEffect:
lda countVibFlag,x
beq sbcVib
cmp #$03
bcc adcVib
sec
lda freqPortLo,x sbc oscilFreq,x sta freqPortLo,x sta $D400,x lda freqPortHi,x sbc #$00
sta freqPortHi,x sta $D401,x dec actualVibCount,x
bne exitVib1
lda vibCount,x sta actualVibCount,x inc countVibFlag,x
lda countVibFlag,x
cmp #$05
bcc exitVib1
lda #$01
sta countVibFlag,x
exitVib1:
jmp decCycleTimer
sbcVib:
sec
lda freqPortLo,x sbc oscilFreq,x sta freqPortLo,x sta $D400,x lda freqPortHi,x sbc #$00
sta freqPortHi,x sta $D401,x dec actualVibCount,x
bne exitVib2
lda vibCount,x sta actualVibCount,x
inc countVibFlag,x
exitVib2:
jmp decCycleTimer
adcVib:
clc
lda freqPortLo,x adc oscilFreq,x sta freqPortLo,x sta $D400,x lda freqPortHi,x adc #$00
sta freqPortHi,x sta $D401,x dec actualVibCount,x
; readed note to play
; add the tone to note to play
; calciulate the new freq. to use
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte)
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte)
; load vibrato flag
; is to performe vibrato?
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte) for portamento
; frequency of oscillation
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte)
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte)
; read stored value of count
; set to actual
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte) for portamento
; frequency of oscillation
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte)
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte)
; read stored count value
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte) for portamento
; frequency of oscillation
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte)
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte)
32
===== page 33 =====
bne noEffect1
lda vibCount,x sta actualVibCount,x
inc countVibFlag,x
bne noEffect1
jmp decCycleTimer
; read stored count value
testMakePortamento:
lda portaFlag,x ; portamento flag
beq testEffect1
cmp #$01 ; negative portamento
beq negativePortamento
cmp #$02 ; positive portamento
beq positivePortamento
cmp #$03
beq negativePortamentoHI
clc
lda freqPortHi,x adc portaVal,x sta freqPortHi,x sta $D401,x jmp testEffect1
negativePortamento:
clc
lda freqPortLo,x sbc portaVal,x sta freqPortLo,x sta $D400,x lda freqPortHi,x sbc #$00
sta freqPortHi,x sta $D401,x jmp testEffect1
negativePortamentoHI:
sec
lda freqPortHi,x sbc portaVal,x sta freqPortHi,x sta $D401,x jmp testEffect1
positivePortamento:
clc
lda freqPortLo,x adc portaVal,x sta freqPortLo,x sta $D400,x lda freqPortHi,x adc #$00
sta freqPortHi,x sta $D401,x testEffect1:
ldy instrInd,x lda instr1+7,y and #$01 beq noEffect1
jmp effect1
; index of instrument data
; load instrument effect
; is effect 1?
noEffect1:
jmp decCycleTimer
;==================================
; Voice 1
;
; vibrato flag: 1= on
;
; arpeggio flag: 1= on
;
; portaFlag:
; 1: neg. port. HiLo
; 2: pos. port. HiLo
; 3: neg. port. Hi
; x: pos. port. Hi
;
; pulseDirFlag: 1 dec, 0 inc
;==================================
vibratoFlag: ; vibrato flag (1=on)
.byte $00
arpeggioFlag: ; 1= effect on
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
; add portamento value
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte)
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte) for portamento
; sub portamento value
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte)
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte)
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
; sub portamento value
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte)
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte) for portamento
; add portamento value
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte)
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte)
33
===== page 34 =====
.byte $00
portaFlag:
.byte $00 ; portamento flag (voice 1)
cycleInt: .byte $00
; internal cycle for effect 1
cycleEst: .byte $00
; external cycle for effect 1
ptnInd:
ptnInd1:
.byte $06 ; pattern value index (voice 1)
pulseDirFlag:
.byte $00
;==================================
; Voice 2:
;==================================
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00 .byte $00
.byte $00
ptnInd2:
.byte $06 .byte $00
; portamento flag (voice 2)
; pattern value index (voice 2)
;==================================
; Voice 3:
;==================================
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00 ; portamento flag
.byte $00
.byte $00
ptnInd3:
.byte $00 ; pattern value index (voice 3)
.byte $01
;==================================
; Voice 1:
;==================================
portaVal:
.byte $00 ; portamento value (voice 1)
r0CE4: ; not used
.byte $00
noteLength:
.byte $3F ; note length duration (voice 1)
instrInd:
.byte $08 ; index of instrument data (voice 1)
lo1Wave:
.byte $BB ; Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
lo2Wave:
.byte $90 ; Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
hi1Wave:
.byte $02 ; Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
;==================================
; Voice 2:
;==================================
.byte $00 .byte $00
.byte $3F .byte $08 .byte $BB .byte $90 .byte $02 ; portamento value (Voice 2)
; note length duration (voice 2)
; index of instrument data (voice 2)
; Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
; Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
; Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
;==================================
; Voice 3:
;==================================
.byte $00 .byte $00
.byte $3F .byte $20 .byte $F0 .byte $90 .byte $0C ; portamento value (voice 3)
; note length duration (voice 3)
; index of instrument data (voice 3)
; Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
; Wave form pulsation amplitude (lo byte)
; Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
34
===== page 35 =====
;==================================
; Voice 1:
;==================================
hi2Wave:
.byte $00 ; Wave form pulsation amplitude (hi byte)
lowInd: .byte $00
; low index for freq. instrument effect
currentTr1: .byte <drillerMainTr1
.byte >drillerMainTr1
; current track 1 position (base)
offsetTr1: .byte $00
; current track 1 position (offset)
r0CFD: ; not used
.byte $00
actNoteLength =*
.byte $3C ; actual note length duration
;==================================
; Voice2:
;==================================
.byte $00
.byte $00 currentTr2: .byte <drillerMainTr2
.byte >drillerMainTr2
offsetTr2: .byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $3C ; low index for freq. instrument effect
; current track 2 position (base)
; current track 2 position (offset)
; actual note length duration
;==================================
; Voice 3:
;==================================
.byte $06
.byte $00 currentTr3: .byte <drillerMainTr3
.byte >drillerMainTr3
offsetTr3: .byte $02
.byte $00
.byte $3C ; low index for freq. instrument effect
; current track 3 position (base)
; current track 3 position (offset)
; actual note length duration
r0D0D:
.byte $00
.byte $00
songsNumber =*
.byte $AB ; 0=nothing 1=first, $AB current ?
speed:
.byte $03 ; cycle timer (cylce for having 1 note tick)
ampVar: ; wave amplitude variation
.byte $A0
actSpeed:
.byte $00 ; actual cycle timer (for having 1 note tick)
controlSwitch: .byte $FE
; set ON/OFF the ADS
;==================================
; Voice 1
;==================================
freqPortLo: .byte $47 freqLo1Eff: .byte $47 freqHi1Eff: .byte $06 rpNote =*
.byte $1F freqPortHi: .byte $06 limitCycle: .byte $00
; frequency of portamento lo
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte)
; freq lo for instrument effect 1 ?
; Voice 1: Frequency control (lo byte)
; freq hi for instrument effect 1
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte)
; Voice 1: readed note to play
; frequency of portamento Hi
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte)
; limit of cycle for arpeggio
35
===== page 36 =====
actualCycle: .byte $00
; actual cycle for arpeggio
;==================================
; Voice 2
;==================================
.byte $23 .byte $23 .byte $03 .byte $13 .byte $03 .byte $00 .byte $00 ; frequency of portamento lo
; freq lo for instrument effect 1 ?
; freq hi for instrument effect 1
; Voice 2: readed note to play
; frequency of portamento Hi
; limit of cycle for arpeggio
; actual cycle for arpeggio
;==================================
; Voice 3
;==================================
.byte $00 .byte $00 .byte $00 .byte $00 .byte $00 .byte $00
.byte $00
; frequency of portamento lo
; freq lo for instrument effect 1 ?
; freq hi for instrument effect 1
; Voice 3: readed note to play
; frequency of portamento Hi
;==================================
; Voice 1
;==================================
countVibFlag: .byte $00
oscilFreq: .byte $00
vibCount: .byte $00
actualVibCount: .byte $00
r0D2D:
.byte $00
.byte $00
pNote =*
.byte $1F ;==================================
; Voice 2
;==================================
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $13 ;==================================
; Voice 3
;==================================
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00 ; counter flag: use for add/sbc of vibrato
; frequency of oscillator (for vibrato)
; value of vibrato count
; actual value of vibrato count intensity
; note to play
; note to play
; note to play
;==================================
; Voice 1
;==================================
dur4Eff:
.byte $02 .byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
;==================================
; Voice 2
;==================================
.byte $02
.byte $00
; duration of effect 4 switch
36
===== page 37 =====
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
;==================================
; Voice 3
;==================================
.byte $02
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
; freq. low
frequencyLo:
.byte $0C, $1C, $2D, $3E .byte $51, $66, $7B, $91
.byte $A9, $C3, $DD, $FA
.byte $18, $38, $5A, $7D
.byte $A3, $CC, $F6, $23
.byte $53, $86, $BB, $F4
.byte $30, $70, $B4, $FB
.byte $47, $98, $ED, $47
.byte $A7, $0C, $77, $E9
.byte $61, $E1, $68, $F7
.byte $8F, $30, $DA, $8F
.byte $4E, $18, $EF, $D2
.byte $C3, $C3, $D1, $EF
.byte $1F, $60, $B5, $1E
.byte $9C, $31, $DF, $A5
.byte $87, $86, $A2, $DF
.byte $3E, $C1, $6B, $3C
.byte $39, $63, $BE, $4B
.byte $0F, $0C, $45, $BF
.byte $7D, $83, $D6, $79
.byte $73, $C7, $7C, $97
.byte $1E, $18, $8B, $7E
.byte $FA, $06, $AC, $F3
.byte $E6, $8F, $F8, $2E
frequencyHi:
.byte $01, $01, $01, $01
.byte $01, $01, $01, $01
.byte $01, $01, $01, $01
.byte $02, $02, $02, $02
.byte $02, $02, $02, $03
.byte $03, $03, $03, $03
.byte $04, $04, $04, $04
.byte $05, $05, $05, $06
.byte $06, $07, $07, $07
.byte $08, $08, $09, $09
.byte $0A, $0B, $0B, $0C
.byte $0D, $0E, $0E, $0F
.byte $10, $11, $12, $13
.byte $15, $16, $17, $19
.byte $1A, $1C, $1D, $1F
.byte $21, $23, $25, $27
.byte $2A, $2C, $2F, $32
.byte $35, $38, $3B, $3F
.byte $43, $47, $4B, $4F
.byte $54, $59, $5E, $64
.byte $6A, $70, $77, $7E
.byte $86, $8E, $96, $9F
.byte $A8, $B3, $BD, $C8
.byte $D4, $E1, $EE, $FD
activeCiaIrq =*
sei
lda #<serviceIrq
sta $0314 lda #>serviceIrq
sta $0315 ldx #$00
stx $DC0E inx
stx $D01A cli
rts
serviceIrq =*
lda #$01
sta $D019 lda #$82
sta $D012 lda #$1B
; C-0 C#-0 D-0 D#-0
Definition of the used
frequencies
; Vector: Hardware Interrupt (IRQ)
; Vector: Hardware Interrupt (IRQ)
; Control register A of CIA #1
; IRQ mask register
; Interrupt indicator register
; Reading/Writing IRQ balance value
37
===== page 38 =====
sta $D011 ; VIC control register
lda #$01
sta $D020 ; Border color
jsr serviceMusic
dec $D020 ; Border color
jmp $EA31 ; Default hardware interrupt (IRQ)
serviceMusic =*
ldx #$00 ; Voice 1
jsr makeMusic
ldx #$07 ; Voice 2
jsr makeMusic
ldx #$0E ; Voice 3
jsr makeMusic
rts
.byte "(C)1987 MATT GRAY"
;=================================
; Init the arpeggio routine
;=================================
arpeggioInit:
pha
and #$0F
sta lowInd,x
pla
and #$F0
lsr a
lsr a
lsr a
lsr a
sta limitCycle,x
lda #$00
sta actualCycle,x
lda #$01 sta arpeggioFlag,x
; made on arpeggio
lda #$00
sta vibratoFlag,x ; no vibrato
jmp decCycleTimer
;=================================
; Init the vibrato routine
;=================================
vibratoInit:
sta oscilFreq,x lda instr2+1,y sta vibCount,x sta actualVibCount,x
lda #$00
sta arpeggioFlag,x sta countVibFlag,x
; oscillating frequency value
; read the count intensity for vibrato
; save count value
; make arpeggio off
lda #$01
sta vibratoFlag,x ; make vibrato
jmp decCycleTimer
;=================================
; instruments part 1
; 0: Hi/Lo of Wave form amplitude
; 1: Control register
; 2: A/D value
; 3: S/R value
; 4: Wave amplitude inc/dec value
; 5: hi/lo value for arpeggio
; 6: Control register
; 7: instrument effect
; 1: a frequency effect
; 2: a pulse wave effect
; 4: switch between waveform
;=================================
instr1 =*
.byte $00 ; Wave form amplitude (Hi/Lo)
.byte $81 ; Control: Noise, ADS on
.byte $0A ; A/D
.byte $00 ; S/R
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $80 ; Control: Noise, ADS off
.byte $01 ; instrument effect
.byte $90
.byte $41
.byte $FE
.byte $0D
.byte $25
.byte $00
The first table of
instruments definition
38
===== page 39 =====
.byte $40
.byte $02
.byte $00
.byte $81
.byte $FD
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $80
.byte $00
.byte $30
.byte $41
.byte $0E
.byte $00
.byte $30
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $02
.byte $96
.byte $41
.byte $0E
.byte $00
.byte $A0
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $02
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $32
.byte $41
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $F0
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $02
.byte $00
.byte $81
.byte $08
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $80
.byte $01
.byte $00
.byte $11
.byte $0D
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $10
.byte $00
.byte $90
.byte $41
.byte $0E
.byte $00
.byte $25
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $02
.byte $2E
.byte $43
.byte $00
.byte $60
.byte $F5
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $04
.byte $70
.byte $41
.byte $0A
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $00
39
===== page 40 =====
.byte $40
.byte $02
.byte $00
.byte $15
.byte $03
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $20
.byte $14
.byte $04
.byte $40
.byte $41
.byte $00
.byte $90
.byte $01
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $15
.byte $EE
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $14
.byte $00
.byte $98
.byte $41
.byte $09
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $01
.byte $21
.byte $41
.byte $0A
.byte $00
.byte $30
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $06
.byte $21
.byte $41
.byte $0A
.byte $00
.byte $30
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $06
.byte $31
.byte $41
.byte $0E
.byte $00
.byte $10
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $02
.byte $23
.byte $41
.byte $00
.byte $A0
.byte $50
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $00
.byte $91
.byte $41
.byte $0A
.byte $00
.byte $30
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $06
.byte $F1
.byte $41
.byte $0C
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $00
40
===== page 41 =====
.byte $40
.byte $06
;=================================
; instruments part 2
; 0: oscillating frequency value (for vibrato)
; 1: length of vibrato intensity (for vibrato)
; 2: Control register for effect 4
; 3: portamento value |
; 4: portamento flag (1=on) | portamento for the instrument
; 5: duration cycle for effect 1
; 6: not used
; 7: not used
;=================================
instr2 =*
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $11 ; Control: ^, on ADS
.byte $00 ; portamento value
.byte $00 ; portamento flag
.byte $03
.byte $00 ; not used
.byte $00 ; not used
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $81
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $06
.byte $50
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $30
.byte $02
.byte $81
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $02
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $81
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $11
.byte $41
.byte $01
.byte $01
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $50
.byte $02
The second table for
instruments definition
41
===== page 42 =====
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $81
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $20
.byte $02
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $81
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $40
.byte $02
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $41
.byte $F0
.byte $01
.byte $01
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $10
.byte $02
.byte $43
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $A0
.byte $02
42
===== page 43 =====
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $60
.byte $02
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $43
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $0A
.byte $02
.byte $43
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
.byte $00
effect1:
lda freqHi1Eff,x beq noDec
dec freqHi1Eff,x ; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for effect 1
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for effect 1
noDec:
lda cycleInt,x
beq jmpTestEndCycle
dec cycleInt,x
lda #$81 sta $D404,x lda freqHi1Eff,x eor #$23
sta $D401,x jmp decCycleTimer
; noise + ADS
; Voice 1: Control registers
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for effect 1
; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte)
jmpTestEndCycle:
jmp testEndCycle
changeFreq:
lda freqPortHi,x ; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for portamento
sta $D401,x ; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte)
sta freqHi1Eff,x ; Voice 1: Frequency control (hi byte) for effect 1
lda instr2+2,y ; control register
sta $D404,x ; Voice 1: Control registers
jmp decCycleTimer
testEndCycle:
lda cycleEst,x
cmp instr2+5,y beq resetCycle
; duration cycle for effect 1
inc cycleInt,x
inc cycleEst,x
bne changeFreq
resetCycle:
lda #$00
sta cycleEst,x
sta cycleInt,x
beq changeFreq
songSpeed =* .byte $00
.byte $03
.byte $03
; cycle for having note tick (for each songs)
; $FF: repeat the track
; $FE: end of music
drillerMainTr1:
.byte $01, $01, $07, $09
.byte $09, $09, $01, $07
.byte $07, $0F, $0F, $0F
.byte $0F, $0F, $0F, $03
.byte $03, $0F, $0F, $13
The definition of the
patterns used by each
traks are from here
43
===== page 44 =====
.byte $13, $0F, $13, $0F
.byte $13, $0F, $13, $0F
.byte $13, $0F, $0F, $0F
.byte $0F, $0F, $0F, $0F
.byte $0F, $0F, $0F, $0F
.byte $0F, $0F, $0F, $0F
.byte $0F, $0F, $0F, $0F
.byte $0F, $0F, $0F, $0F
.byte $0F, $0F, $1B, $1D
.byte $1E, $0F, $1B, $1D
.byte $1E, $0F, $1B, $1D
.byte $1E, $12, $12, $12
.byte $12, $24, $24, $21
.byte $21, $24, $24, $21
.byte $21, $24, $24, $21
.byte $21, $24, $24, $21
.byte $21, $24, $24, $21
.byte $21, $24, $24, $21
.byte $21, $24, $24, $21
.byte $21, $24, $24, $21
.byte $21, $24, $24, $21
.byte $21, $24, $24, $21
.byte $21, $08, $08, $28
.byte $00, $00, $00, $00
.byte $00, $FF
drillerMainTr2:
.byte $03, $03, $08, $0A
.byte $0D, $0D, $0D, $0D
.byte $08, $07, $0E, $0E
.byte $0E, $0E, $0E, $0E
.byte $0E, $0E, $05, $12
.byte $12, $12, $12, $14
.byte $15, $14, $15, $14
.byte $15, $14, $15, $08
.byte $17, $17, $17, $17
.byte $17, $17, $17, $17
.byte $17, $17, $17, $17
.byte $07, $07, $1F, $1F
.byte $1F, $1F, $07, $07
.byte $00, $00, $25, $25
.byte $26, $25, $27, $27
.byte $27, $27, $27, $27
.byte $27, $27, $06, $06
.byte $06, $06, $06, $06
.byte $06, $06, $06, $06
.byte $28, $00, $00, $00
.byte $00, $FF
drillerMainTr3:
.byte $00, $00, $00, $00
.byte $04, $06, $06, $0C
.byte $0B, $0C, $0B, $0C
.byte $0B, $06, $06, $06
.byte $06, $06, $06, $06
.byte $06, $06, $06, $06
.byte $06, $06, $06, $0F
.byte $0F, $10, $11, $0E
.byte $0E, $0E, $0E, $0E
.byte $0E, $0E, $0E, $0E
.byte $0E, $0E, $0E, $16
.byte $07, $07, $07, $18
.byte $19, $19, $1A, $1A
.byte $08, $08, $1C, $08
.byte $08, $23, $23, $22
.byte $22, $23, $23, $22
.byte $22, $23, $23, $22
.byte $22, $23, $23, $22
.byte $22, $23, $23, $22
.byte $22, $23, $23, $22
.byte $22, $23, $23, $22
.byte $22, $23, $23, $22
.byte $22, $23, $23, $22
.byte $22, $23, $23, $22
.byte $22, $07, $07, $0F
.byte $0F, $0F, $0F, $29
.byte $00, $00, $00, $00
.byte $FF
;=================================
; pattern data
;=================================
; format:
; 00 : release gate
; xx : note xx
; $FA nn : select instrument nn
; $FB mm : negative portamento (mm)
; $FC kk : positive portamento (kk)
; $FD kk : duration kk
44
===== page 45 =====
; $FF : end of pattern
pnt00 =*
.byte $FD, $3F
.byte $FA, $04
.byte $00
.byte $FF
pnt01 =*
.byte $FA, $01
.byte $FD, $3F
.byte $23, $1F, $22, $1E
.byte $FF
pnt03 =*
.byte $FA, $01
.byte $FD, $3F
.byte $17, $13, $16, $12
.byte $FF
pnt02 =*
.byte $FD, $0F
.byte $FA, $04
.byte $00
.byte $FF
pnt04 =*
.byte $FA, $02
.byte $FD, $7F
.byte $25, $25
.byte $FF
pnt05 =*
.byte $FA, $0E
.byte $FD, $3F
.byte $2F, $2B, $2E
.byte $FC, $20
.byte $2A
.byte $FF
pnt06 =*
.byte $FA, $06
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $42, $3B, $3B, $42
.byte $3B, $3B, $43, $3B
.byte $42, $3B, $3B, $42
.byte $3B, $3B, $43, $3B
.byte $42, $3B, $3B, $42
.byte $3B, $3B, $43, $3B
.byte $42, $3B, $3B, $42
.byte $3B, $3B, $43, $3B
.byte $FF
pnt07 =*
.byte $FA, $01
.byte $FD, $7F
.byte $23
.byte $FF
pnt08 =*
.byte $FA, $01
.byte $FD, $7F
.byte $17, $00
.byte $FF
pnt09 =*
.byte $FA, $09
.byte $FD, $1F
.byte $17, $13, $12, $0F
.byte $FF
pnt0A =*
.byte $FA, $08
.byte $FD, $0F
.byte $3E, $39
.byte $FD, $1F
.byte $3B
.byte $FD, $0F
.byte $3D, $3B
.byte $FD, $1F
.byte $3A
.byte $FD, $7F
.byte $FB, $01
.byte $2F
.byte $FF
pnt0B =*
.byte $FA, $06
.byte $FD, $01
All the patterns of
notes start from here
45
===== page 46 =====
.byte $3D, $36, $36, $3D
.byte $36, $36, $3E, $36
.byte $3D, $36, $36, $3D
.byte $36, $36, $3E, $36
.byte $3A, $33, $33, $3A
.byte $33, $33, $3B, $33
.byte $3A, $33, $33, $3A
.byte $33, $33, $3B, $33
.byte $FF
pnt0C =*
.byte $FA, $06
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $42, $3B, $3B, $42
.byte $3B, $3B, $43, $3B
.byte $42, $3B, $3B, $42
.byte $3B, $3B, $43, $3B
.byte $3E, $37, $37, $3E
.byte $37, $37, $3F, $37
.byte $3E, $37, $37, $3E
.byte $37, $37, $3F, $37
.byte $FF
pnt0D =*
.byte $FA, $0A
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $3B, $3A, $39, $38
.byte $39, $3A, $3B, $3A
.byte $39, $38, $39, $3A
.byte $3B, $3A, $39, $38
.byte $39, $3A, $3B, $3A
.byte $39, $38, $39, $3A
.byte $3B, $3A, $39, $38
.byte $39, $3A, $3B, $3A
.byte $FF
pnt0E =*
.byte $FA, $07
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $2D
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $2D
.byte $FD, $0D
.byte $2D
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $2D
.byte $FD, $07
.byte $FA, $00
.byte $2D
.byte $FA, $07
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $2D
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $2D
.byte $FD, $0D
.byte $2D
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $2D
.byte $FD, $07
.byte $FA, $00
.byte $2D
.byte $FF
pnt0F =*
.byte $FA, $0B
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $23, $23, $23, $23
.byte $23, $23, $23, $23
.byte $23, $23, $23, $23
.byte $23, $23, $23, $23
.byte $23, $23, $23, $23
.byte $23, $23, $23, $23
.byte $23, $23, $23, $23
.byte $23, $23, $23, $23
.byte $FF
pnt10 =*
.byte $FA, $0B
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $22, $22, $22, $22
.byte $22, $22, $22, $22
.byte $22, $22, $22, $22
.byte $22, $22, $22, $22
.byte $22, $22, $22, $22
.byte $22, $22, $22, $22
.byte $22, $22, $22, $22
.byte $22, $22, $22, $22
.byte $FF
pnt11 =*
46
===== page 47 =====
.byte $FA, $0B
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $25, $25, $25, $25
.byte $25, $25, $25, $25
.byte $25, $25, $25, $25
.byte $25, $25, $25, $25
.byte $25, $25, $25, $25
.byte $25, $25, $25, $25
.byte $25, $25, $25, $25
.byte $25, $25, $25, $25
.byte $FF
pnt12 =*
.byte $FA, $0A
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $3B, $37, $36, $34
.byte $3B, $37, $36, $34
.byte $3B, $37, $36, $34
.byte $3B, $37, $36, $34
.byte $3B, $37, $36, $34
.byte $3B, $37, $36, $34
.byte $3B, $37, $36, $34
.byte $3B, $37, $36, $34
.byte $FF
pnt13 =*
.byte $FA, $0B
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $1F, $1F, $1F, $1F
.byte $1F, $1F, $1F, $1F
.byte $1F, $1F, $1F, $1F
.byte $1F, $1F, $1F, $1F
.byte $1F, $1F, $1F, $1F
.byte $1F, $1F, $1F, $1F
.byte $1F, $1F, $1F, $1F
.byte $1F, $1F, $1F, $1F
.byte $FF
pnt14 =*
.byte $FA, $06
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $3F, $3B, $36, $3F
.byte $3B, $36, $3F, $3B
.byte $3F, $3B, $36, $3F
.byte $3B, $36, $3F, $3B
.byte $3F, $3B, $36, $3F
.byte $3B, $36, $3F, $3B
.byte $3F, $3B, $36, $3F
.byte $3B, $36, $3F, $3B
.byte $FF
pnt15 =*
.byte $FA, $06
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $3E, $3B, $37, $3E
.byte $3B, $37, $3E, $3B
.byte $3E, $3B, $37, $3E
.byte $3B, $37, $3E, $3B
.byte $3E, $3B, $37, $3E
.byte $3B, $37, $3E, $3B
.byte $3E, $3B, $37, $3E
.byte $3B, $37, $3E, $3B
.byte $FF
pnt16 =*
.byte $FA, $0D
.byte $FD, $1F
.byte $37, $36, $39, $37
.byte $36, $2F, $2F, $32
.byte $FF
pnt17 =*
.byte $FA, $10
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $23, $23, $2A, $2A
.byte $28, $28, $2A, $2A
.byte $26, $26, $2A, $2A
.byte $28, $28, $2A, $2A
.byte $23, $23, $2A, $2A
.byte $28, $28, $2A, $2A
.byte $26, $26, $2A, $2A
.byte $28, $28, $2A, $2A
.byte $FF
pnt18 =*
.byte $FA, $13
.byte $FD, $07
.byte $FC, $37, $45
.byte $FD, $2F
.byte $47
47
===== page 48 =====
.byte $FD, $07
.byte $FB, $7F, $47
.byte $FD, $37
.byte $42
.byte $FD, $07
.byte $FB, $80
.byte $42
.byte $FF
pnt19 =*
.byte $FA, $13
.byte $FD, $1F
.byte $3B
.byte $FD, $0F
.byte $39, $37
.byte $FD, $3F
.byte $36
.byte $FF
pnt1A =*
.byte $FA, $13
.byte $FD, $1F
.byte $34
.byte $FD, $0F
.byte $32, $31
.byte $FD, $3F
.byte $2F
.byte $FF
pnt1B =*
.byte $FA, $0B
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $1B, $1B, $1B, $1B
.byte $1B, $1B, $1B, $1B
.byte $1B, $1B, $1B, $1B
.byte $1B, $1B, $1B, $1B
.byte $1B, $1B, $1B, $1B
.byte $1B, $1B, $1B, $1B
.byte $1B, $1B, $1B, $1B
.byte $1B, $1B, $1B, $1B
.byte $FF
pnt1C =*
.byte $FA, $01
.byte $FD, $1F
.byte $3B
.byte $FD, $0F
.byte $3A, $36
.byte $FD, $2F
.byte $36
.byte $FD, $0F
.byte $38
.byte $FD, $1F
.byte $38, $2F, $31
.byte $FD, $0F
.byte $33, $34
.byte $FD, $7F
.byte $36, $36
.byte $FF
pnt1D =*
.byte $FA, $0B
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $1C, $1C, $1C, $1C
.byte $1C, $1C, $1C, $1C
.byte $1C, $1C, $1C, $1C
.byte $1C, $1C, $1C, $1C
.byte $1C, $1C, $1C, $1C
.byte $1C, $1C, $1C, $1C
.byte $1C, $1C, $1C, $1C
.byte $1C, $1C, $1C, $1C
.byte $FF
pnt1E =*
.byte $FA, $0B
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $1E, $1E, $1E, $1E
.byte $1E, $1E, $1E, $1E
.byte $1E, $1E, $1E, $1E
.byte $1E, $1E, $1E, $1E
.byte $1E, $1E, $1E, $1E
.byte $1E, $1E, $1E, $1E
.byte $1E, $1E, $1E, $1E
.byte $1E, $1E, $1E, $1E
.byte $FF
pnt1F =*
.byte $FA, $09
.byte $FD, $3F
.byte $23, $1B, $1C, $1E
48
===== page 49 =====
.byte $FF
pnt20 =*
.byte $FA, $01
.byte $FD, $7F
.byte $17, $17
.byte $FF
.byte $21, $26
.byte $FD, $11
.byte $28
.byte $FF
pnt21 =*
.byte $FA, $15
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $1F, $1F
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $1F
.byte $FA, $0F
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $2E, $27
.byte $FA, $15
.byte $1F
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $1F
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $1F
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $1F
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $FA, $0F
.byte $2F
.byte $FA, $15
.byte $1A, $1D, $1F
.byte $FF
pnt22 =*
.byte $FA, $09
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $13, $13
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $13
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $FA, $00
.byte $2E, $27
.byte $FA, $09
.byte $13
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $13
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $13
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $13
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $13, $10, $11, $13
.byte $FF
pnt23 =*
.byte $FA, $09
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $17, $17
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $17
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $FA, $00
.byte $2E, $27
.byte $FA, $09
.byte $17
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $17
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $17
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $17
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $17, $12, $15, $17
.byte $FF
pnt24 =*
.byte $FA, $15
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $23, $23
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $23
.byte $FA, $0F
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $2E, $27
.byte $FA, $15
.byte $23
49
===== page 50 =====
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $23
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $23
.byte $FD, $03
.byte $23
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $FA, $0F
.byte $2F
.byte $FA, $15
.byte $1E, $21, $23
.byte $FF
pnt25 =*
.byte $FA, $0A
.byte $FD, $39
.byte $47
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $46, $45, $44
.byte $FD, $39
.byte $43
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $44, $45, $46
.byte $FF
pnt26 =*
.byte $FA, $12
.byte $FD, $3F
.byte $3B, $43, $42, $3E
.byte $3B, $37, $36, $2F
.byte $FF
pnt27 =*
.byte $FA, $0C
.byte $FD, $01
.byte $31, $3D, $49, $3D
.byte $31, $3D, $49, $3D
.byte $FF
pnt28 =*
.byte $FA, $01
.byte $FD, $7F
.byte $17, $00, $00, $00
.byte $FF
pnt29 =*
.byte $FA, $01
.byte $FD, $7F
.byte $23, $00, $00, $00
.byte $FF
;=========================
; arpeggio pointers table
;=========================
pointerLo:
.byte <TableArp0
r157B:
pointerHi:
.byte >TableArp0
Here goes the definition
of the arpeggio
TableArp0:
.byte $00, $0C, $18
;pointers to the patterns
;low pointers
patptl =*
.byte <pnt00
.byte <pnt01
.byte <pnt02
.byte <pnt03
.byte <pnt04
.byte <pnt05
.byte <pnt06
.byte <pnt07
.byte <pnt08
.byte <pnt09
.byte <pnt0A
.byte <pnt0B
.byte <pnt0C
.byte <pnt0D
.byte <pnt0E
.byte <pnt0F
.byte <pnt10
.byte <pnt11
.byte <pnt12
.byte <pnt13
.byte <pnt14
50
===== page 51 =====
.byte <pnt15
.byte <pnt16
.byte <pnt17
.byte <pnt18
.byte <pnt19
.byte <pnt1A
.byte <pnt1B
.byte <pnt1C
.byte <pnt1D
.byte <pnt1E
.byte <pnt1F
.byte <pnt20
.byte <pnt21
.byte <pnt22
.byte <pnt23
.byte <pnt24
.byte <pnt25
.byte <pnt26
.byte <pnt27
.byte <pnt28
.byte <pnt29
;high pointers
patpth =*
.byte >pnt00
.byte >pnt01
.byte >pnt02
.byte >pnt03
.byte >pnt04
.byte >pnt05
.byte >pnt06
.byte >pnt07
.byte >pnt08
.byte >pnt09
.byte >pnt0A
.byte >pnt0B
.byte >pnt0C
.byte >pnt0D
.byte >pnt0E
.byte >pnt0F
.byte >pnt10
.byte >pnt11
.byte >pnt12
.byte >pnt13
.byte >pnt14
.byte >pnt15
.byte >pnt16
.byte >pnt17
.byte >pnt18
.byte >pnt19
.byte >pnt1A
.byte >pnt1B
.byte >pnt1C
.byte >pnt1D
.byte >pnt1E
.byte >pnt1F
.byte >pnt20
.byte >pnt21
.byte >pnt22
.byte >pnt23
.byte >pnt24
.byte >pnt25
.byte >pnt26
.byte >pnt27
.byte >pnt28
.byte >pnt29
songs =*
ltr1:
.byte $00
.byte <drillerMainTr1
htr1:
.byte $00
.byte >drillerMainTr1
ltr2:
.byte $00
.byte <drillerMainTr2
htr2:
.byte $00
.byte >drillerMainTr2
ltr3:
.byte $00
.byte <drillerMainTr3
htr3:
The tables of songs
with pointers to the
tracks for each voices
51
===== page 52 =====
.byte $00
.byte >drillerMainTr3
.byte $00
initsongs =*
lda #$01 ; first song
sta songsNumber
rts
w4xyz{ |}~ xy
May be now you know better how Matt had created a so beautiful sound.
However, you should experiment with the source if you want to understand better how the en-
gine works.
The last thing is rasterlines: the minimum used is of 10 (used when creating the sound effects),
while when reading new notes/patterns, the maximum grown until 34!
Finally, as far as I know, the Matt's engine was used in the past even by Tomas Danko and Jon
Wells for a total of 11 tunes.
52
===== page 53 =====
±³²6´Eµ ¶L·P¸ ¶ ¹
53