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Sound effects and game audio techniqueThe other half of a game soundtrack: short, non-musical events — a shot, a jump, an explosion, the "Game Over" — fired by the game code, on the same three voices the music is using. It was most of the paid work. …
David Whittaker's player (the Panther driver) toolThe 1986 driver of david-whittaker as reverse-engineered by dmx87 from Panther (Mastertronic): a three-voice player without an instrument table — the timbre of a voice is whatever the last command prefixes in its …
Dig Dug (C64, Datasoft 1984) — the music routine songThe C64 cartridge conversion of Namco's arcade game ("copyright 1982 Namco, 1983 Atari, 1984 Datasoft"), whose music Stefano Tognon ripped into a PSID for hvsc in 2001–2002 and documented in sidin #1 with a commented …
Johannes Bjerregaard's player toolThe driver johannes-bjerregaard wrote for himself — in 1986 the only "scene composer with own player" SIDwave can name ( s-recollection-brief-history-of-sid ) — and kept when he joined maniacs-of-noise in 1988 …
Martin Galway's player (the Ocean "macro-language" driver) toolThe 6502 music system martin-galway wrote at Ocean from 1984 ("there never was an editor … It was always assembler source files"; source: s-sidmusic-galway-interviews ), known from two reverse-engineered tunes: the …
Matt Gray's player (Driller / Dominator engine) toolThe 6502 music driver matt-gray wrote for himself from late 1986 after codemasters told him he needed one, and used for every C64 game from driller (1987) to Deliverance (1990). It is documented twice: Stefano Tognon …
Modules (Ivan Del Duca, 1988) songThe music of Modules , an Italian C64 game of 1988, written by its coder Ivan Del Duca in a music engine of his own — according to Stefano Tognon "probably … the first Italian music engine around". Tognon …
MUSICFILE — the Maniacs of Noise driver toolThe C64 music driver charles-deenen wrote in 1987 for maniacs-of-noise — "Deenen programmed a music driver ('Musicfile') and a sound effects driver in Turbo Ass" — into which jeroen-tel , Marcel Donné and reyn-ouwehand …
Paul Hughes's Ocean music driver (Jonathan Dunn's player) toolThe 1988 in-house music system of Ocean Software: "Oh wow (paroxism!) programming by Paul Hughes", with jonathan-dunn 's "Orchestration, blood, sweat & tears" — known from two original sources in the realdmx collection, …
Rob Hubbard's driver (the Monty on the Run player) toolThe 6502 music routine rob-hubbard wrote in 1985 and, per Anthony McSweeney's disassembly, "used (with small modifications) for his first approx. 30 tunes" — the player of monty-on-the-run , commando , Crazy Comets, …
SIDin (e-zine) publicationstefano-tognon 's (ice00) free PDF magazine about "the SID chip from the inside": fifteen issues between September 2002 and 2015-10-31, each with a news section on players, editors and hardware, an interview with a SID …
Soundmonitor toolchris-huelsbeck 's music editor for the C64, written in the summer of 1986 as a front end for his Musicmaster play routine and published by 64er as a type-in "Listing des Monats" in issue 10/1986 — "the most popular …
TFMX toolchris-huelsbeck 's second-generation driver, born on the C64 in the summer of 1988 and carried to the Amiga (and later DOS, SNES and the N64's MusyX): instead of only "the typical rigid instrument table" it runs "a …
C64.COM interview #36: Matt Gray (2014) summaryThe most technical of matt-gray 's interviews: how his player was organised, what made its vibrato "his", which games he did in which year and how long each took, and the Compunet-to-System 3 career path.
Charles Deenen interviews: Domination #11 (1998) and Designing Sound (2010) summarycharles-deenen in his own words — the programmer half of maniacs-of-noise on the driver, the tool and the money, and later the sound designer looking back at how it started.
GitHub realdmx/c64_6581_sid_players — Cybernoid II in Deenen's MUSICFILE, the MoN SFX player, the Driller listing summaryA GitHub collection of "original and reverse-engineered music players for the C64", converted to the ACME assembler so that "every assembly file should produce a .sid file". Its Tel_Jeroen_MON/Tel_Jeroen_Cybernoid2.asm …
Matt Gray's Dominator subtune 6 source (PLAYER V4.2, 1987) and the Reformation driver competition summaryThe only C64 driver in the wiki published by its author: matt-gray 's own 6502 source for one dominator subtune, released under Creative Commons on 2014-11-26 as a gift to SID composers and the basis of a composing …
realdmx: Charles Deenen's two test tunes — an undated MUSICFILE build and the 'Scoop designs' Maniacs of Noise player summaryTwo of charles-deenen 's own sources in the realdmx collection ( s-realdmx-sid-players ). Test Tune is the musicfile code base — the same routines, labels and table formats as the Cybernoid II file, in a slightly …
realdmx: Johannes Bjerregaard's own player — the James Bond 3 demo (a Maniacs of Noise commission) and Myth summaryTwo of johannes-bjerregaard 's own Turbo Assembler sources from 1989, in the realdmx collection ( s-realdmx-sid-players ) under Bjerregaard_Johannes_MON — but the player is his, not charles-deenen 's musicfile : nothing …
realdmx: Jonathan Dunn's Daley Thompson '88 and Ocean Loader 5 in Paul Hughes's Ocean music driver summaryTwo original Ocean Software sources from 1988 — not reverse-engineered — in the realdmx collection ( s-realdmx-sid-players ): the Daley Thompson '88 soundtrack (six tunes) and the loader tune HVSC calls Ocean Loader 5 , …
realdmx: Martin Galway's Arkanoid — Tognon's SIDin #4 reverse-engineering, with the 'sample' synthesis through $D418 summaryThe full Arkanoid (Imagine, 1986) music and sound-effect program of martin-galway , reverse-engineered by Stefano Tognon for sidin #4 and converted to ACME by dmx87 ( s-realdmx-sid-players ). It is the later, larger …
realdmx: Martin Galway's Rambo II loader — the macro-language player, reverse-engineered by dmx87 summaryThe loader tune of Rambo: First Blood Part II (Ocean, 1986) — matt-gray 's "favourite C64 tune of all time" ( s-c64com-matt-gray-interview ) — in martin-galway 's own player, reverse-engineered by dmx87 for the realdmx …
realdmx: Reyn Ouwehand's Armada (MUSICFILE, 'Special version for Reyn Ouwehand', 1989) and Dutch Breeze (the 1990 MoN player) summaryTwo original Turbo Assembler sources of reyn-ouwehand 's in the realdmx collection ( s-realdmx-sid-players ). Armada (1989) is charles-deenen 's musicfile — the Cybernoid II code with a longer banner: "Scoop Designs …
realdmx: Rob Hubbard's driver — McSweeney's Monty on the Run disassembly and the Commando title summaryTwo files from the realdmx collection ( s-realdmx-sid-players ) hold the 6502 driver rob-hubbard used, per the header, "(with small modifications) for his first approx. 30 tunes": Anthony McSweeney's commented …
realdmx: three smaller drivers — Fred Gray's Mutants (song as code), Jeroen Kimmel's 'Red's music player' (1989) and David Whittaker's Panther driver summaryThe remaining three players of the realdmx collection ( s-realdmx-sid-players ), each a different answer to the same problem. fred-gray 's Mutants is not a sequencer at all but a song written as code — 26 hand-written …
realdmx: two scene players with their own sources — Francois Prijt's Audial Arts 'zong player' v1/v2 (1991) and Adam Bulka's FAME 'Sound Routine f 4.1.0' (1988) summaryThree original Turbo Assembler sources in the realdmx collection ( s-realdmx-sid-players ) from the demoscene rather than the games industry: Francois Prijt's "zong player" for the Dutch group Audial Arts (two versions, …
Remix64 — Last Ninja 2 vs Ninja Remix: what's the deal? (Chris Abbott) summaryWhy the cartridge re-release of last-ninja-2 has a completely different soundtrack — a one-page case study in the practical meaning of "a game has one music driver".
RVG Interviews: Matt Gray (2016) summaryA forum-sourced interview whose value is one answer on technique: matt-gray on the "note or chord plex", pulse-width sweeps on chords, drums by waveform switching, and the fact that "even putting a vibrato on a sound …
SIDin #1 — Ripping a game: Dig Dug (Stefano Tognon, 2002) summaryTognon's walkthrough of turning a 1984 cartridge game into a PSID the hard way — "disassemble the game and give a source for the rip" — followed by his commented source of the Dig Dug music routine, an interpreter of …
SIDin #10 — Tiny Sid 2, part 1: XL5, Mini Digi Drum, RM, Miniature Rhapsody (Stefano Tognon, 2006) summaryFour entries of the Tiny Sid 2 compo (2006) — two of 256 bytes, two of 512 — with full source and Tognon's analysis: how a whole tune, player and note table fit into one disk block ( tiny-sid-compo , sid-player-routine …
SIDin #11 — Laxity interview (Stefano Tognon, 2007) summarylaxity (Thomas Egeskov Petersen) of Vibrants and maniacs-of-noise , "a old composer … He recently started to compose again with sid", interviewed by mail in January 2007 — about the ten C64 sound drivers he has written, …
SIDin #11 — Tiny Sid 2, part 2: BLOCK ACID DUB and Resolution (Stefano Tognon, 2007) summaryTwo more Tiny Sid 2 entries ( tiny-sid-compo ), the sequel to s-sidin10-tiny-sid-2-part-1 : Frantic's 256-byte BLOCK ACID DUB , a generative dub tune whose player treats notes and instruments as one stream of SID …
SIDin #13 — Inside JITT64: the player routine (Stefano Tognon, 2010) summaryThe player behind jitt64 , explained by its author with the source: how init and the IRQ routine are organised (and why the SID is written at the start of the interrupt), how a pattern row is decoded into command bits, …
SIDin #14 — Inside Hunter's Moon (Martin Walker's sound-effects engine, reverse-engineered, 2015) summaryTognon reverse-engineers the sound-effects engine of hunters-moon (Thalamus, 1987) — code, graphics and effects by Martin Walker, music by matt-gray — because "the hives seems to be true living": the most realistic game …
SIDin #14 — Inside Matt Gray's Dominator player (Tognon's commented PLAYER V4.2 and the musician's guide to composing in it, 2015) summaryWritten for the Reformation driver competition ( s-matt-gray-dominator-source ): Tognon takes matt-gray 's released dom6-public.asm , comments every line, explains 64tass syntax to non-programmers, walks through the …
SIDin #15 — Inside Matt Gray's Serpent Demo player (the 4-bit sample voice, reverse-engineered, 2015) summaryAnswering Gray's remark in the same issue that the Serpent Demo drums were "too loud" ( s-sidin15-matt-gray-interview ), Tognon reverse-engineers the tune's player: the Driller -generation matt-gray-player plus a …
SIDin #15 — Matt Gray interview (technical questions during Reformation, 2015) summaryThe most technical of the matt-gray interviews: why his tunes are tuned to A4 ≈ 424 Hz, when he started using filters, how the matt-gray-player took shape and what he borrowed from Hubbard, the Serpent Demo samples, and …
SIDin #2 — David Whittaker's Lazy Jones music routine (Stefano Tognon, 2002) summaryTognon's reverse-engineering of the hvsc rip of Lazy Jones (Terminal Software, 1984) — david-whittaker 's earliest routine in the wiki and, in his words, "the most simple I had seen until now": two voices of raw …
SIDin #2 — Matt Gray's Driller music routine (Stefano Tognon, 2002) summaryStefano Tognon's reverse-engineering of the driller player, published in his free SID e-zine sidin in 2002 — the documentation of the matt-gray-player as it was in 1987: song/track/pattern structure, the pattern command …
SIDin #4 — Martin Galway's Arkanoid music routine, the explanation (Stefano Tognon, 2003) summaryTognon's prose around his reverse-engineering of arkanoid — the explanation of the galway-player that the code alone does not give: why he picked this tune, what he thinks of the code, which instructions exist on which …
SIDin #7 — Inside Modules: Ivan Del Duca's music engine (Stefano Tognon, 2005) summaryTognon's reverse-engineering of the music engine of Modules , an Italian C64 game of 1988 whose coder, Ivan Del Duca, "probably wrote the first Italian music engine around, instead of used the one's that were available" …
Vandalism News #63 — Interview with Matt Gray (Jazzcat, 2014) summaryThe longest matt-gray interview: how he learnt 6502 to build his player, what he thinks a player is, why System 3 let him go, the Sanxion trick behind his Bangkok Knights bass, and his 1990s pop career (Motiv8, …
VGMPF wiki: Maniacs of Noise, Jeroen Tel, Charles Deenen (+ the C64-Wiki roster) summaryFan-wiki pages (secondary, but dated and footnoted to disk-mag interviews) that say plainly how maniacs-of-noise worked: one driver, written by charles-deenen , into which jeroen-tel and the others typed hex in Turbo …
VGMPF wiki: Matt Gray summaryA short fan-wiki page, useful for two facts about matt-gray 's tools before his own driver and for a dated game list.
VGMPF wiki: Soundmonitor, TFMX Editor (C64) and The Great Giana Sisters (C64) summaryThree VGMPF pages that together describe the editors chris-huelsbeck used on the C64 and what happened to the great-giana-sisters music between editor and game.