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  • Chiptune — what the word means conceptTwo related things share the name:
  • Realism in tracked music concept"Realism" was the 1990s PC-scene word for modules that try to sound like a recording of real instruments or a commercial production — large, carefully sampled instruments instead of the few-kilobyte waveforms of a …
  • The PC tracker scene 1995–98, as it saw itself conceptWhat traxweekly 's writers said about where tracking came from, how music moved around, who judged it and where it was going. This is the scene's own narrative, mostly written by teenagers in an afternoon; for checked …
  • 64'er (magazine) publicationThe German C64 magazine (Markt & Technik) that ran the 1986 music competition chris-huelsbeck won with shades and then published his soundmonitor as "Listing des Monats" in issue 10/1986, pp. 53–64 — "the biggest …
  • Ben Daglish personC64 game composer of the 1980s and a fixture of this wiki's favourites lists — jeroen-tel puts him in his top five, chris-huelsbeck among his best authors, and JCH dissents — best remembered in the sources for The Last …
  • Bob Yannes personRobert Yannes designed the sid at MOS Technology, Commodore's chip division, in 1981–82 — and, by his own account, the commodore-64 itself — then left Commodore and co-founded the synthesizer company Ensoniq (sources: …
  • Chris Abbott personBritish occasional SID composer (born 1970 in Ilford, Essex) who became the C64 remix scene's publisher and promoter: C64Audio.com, the Back in Time CD series and the BIT Live concerts. By June 2003 the label had paid …
  • Chris Hülsbeck personGerman composer (born 1968-03-02 in Kassel) who wrote his own C64 driver in 1985, won 64er 's music competition with shades in 1986 and then gave the magazine soundmonitor , the editor with which the C64 tracker era …
  • David Whittaker personBritish game composer of the 8-bit era with his own C64 driver; rob-hubbard 's favourite alongside martin-galway — "both friends" — and one of the people he was still in touch with in 1997 (source: …
  • Fred Gray personBritish C64 composer of the mid-1980s, not to be confused with matt-gray : martin-galway 's favourite after rob-hubbard — "Favourite C64 musicians: Rob Hubbard … then Fred Gray"; "Composers he liked: Rob Hubbard and …
  • Ganja Man (Sam Bashton) personTeenage founder of the UK group lok , a handbag-house and jungle tracker in fasttracker-2 , and the author of traxweekly 's "Potted Tracking History". Sources: his March 1996 interview by zinc (source: …
  • Jonathan Dunn personOcean Software's C64 composer of the late 1980s — the Ocean Loader tunes and game scores such as Daley Thompson '88 — whose original 1988 sources survive in the realdmx collection: "Orchestration, blood, sweat & tears …
  • Martin Galway personIn-house C64 composer at Ocean Software (born 1966-01-03; at Ocean from 1984, under contract from February 1985), with a driver whose "personality" Newman contrasts with rob-hubbard 's: Galway's routine focused on …
  • Martin Walker personBritish programmer-musician of the Thalamus era: the coder, graphician and sound-effects author of hunters-moon (1987), whose table-driven SFX engine sidin #14 reverse-engineered, and a SID composer in his own right …
  • Matt Gray personBritish C64 composer (born May 1970 in Kent), in-house at system-3 for last-ninja-2 , dominator , Tusker and Vendetta , freelance for codemasters , Thalamus, Incentive ( driller ), hewson , Silverbird and Dalali; he …
  • Rob Hubbard personC64 game composer of the mid-1980s who wrote his own 6502 music driver and, with it, the sound that Newman's article treats as the template of "SID music" (source: s-newman-driving-the-sid-chip ) . A working …
  • Shades (Chris Hülsbeck, 1986) songchris-huelsbeck 's first published tune: written in February 1986 "from 8 PM to 4 AM" for 64er 's music competition, "merely aiming for top ten", and placed first, earning 1500 DM (source: s-vgmpf-chris-huelsbeck ) .
  • Soundmonitor toolchris-huelsbeck 's music editor for the C64, written in the summer of 1986 as a front end for his Musicmaster play routine and published by 64er as a type-in "Listing des Monats" in issue 10/1986 — "the most popular …
  • Tim Follin personGame composer whose C64 work — above all Ghouls 'n Ghosts and Bionic Commando — the wiki's interviews treat as canon: when scarzix asked a Facebook sceners' group in 2013 to rate his old tunes 0–10, the scale was "where …
  • TraxWeekly publicationA text-only newsletter of the PC tracker scene, published semi-weekly from 12 March 1995 to 1998 for 119 issues, modelled after hornet 's "Demonews" and "a HORNET affiliation": distributed from ftp.hornet.org / …
  • 64'er 10/1986 — Musik wie noch nie: the Soundmonitor article and manual summaryThe article with which 64er published chris-huelsbeck 's soundmonitor as its "Listing des Monats" (listing of the month) in October 1986 — the editor that started the C64 tracker era and the first documentation of his …
  • 64'er 2/88 — Von der Spielidee ins Regal (Rainbow Arts, with Hülsbeck) summary64'er visits rainbow-arts in Gütersloh to trace how a game is made — and sound comes last in the pipeline. Hülsbeck's segment is a four-question mini-interview taken while great-giana-sisters was new and To Be On Top …
  • C64.COM interview #8 — Charles Deenen (2010) summarycharles-deenen 's own long-form C64 Q&A: the fullest first-hand list of what he actually did per game — and it is mostly sound effects , with music on a shorter list. Introduces himself as "co-founder of Maniacs of …
  • C=Lehti 4/89 — SIDin hollantilaiset valjastajat (Maniacs of Noise) summaryThe only contemporary (1989) profile of maniacs-of-noise in this wiki — written by Jori Olkkonen while Tel was 16 and Deenen 19, with details no retrospective interview repeats: the driver's version number, a …
  • chipmusic.org — two Johan Kotlinski interviews (2012, 2014) summaryTwo short interviews with johan-kotlinski reposted on chipmusic-org : a 2012 e-mail interview for a school paper on Game Boy music history, and a 2014 piece for Devise Magazine. Both predate the longer 2020 intense-tech …
  • commodore-64.eu — The C64 SID Chip (6581 vs 8580 overview) summaryAn accessible, unsigned overview of the sid for a general audience. It is a secondary source : nothing on it carries a reference, and the page sells things. The wiki uses it only to confirm or annotate claims that …
  • Domination #1 — Interview with Jeroen Tel (Jazzcat, 1994) summaryThe earliest of the wiki's long Tel interviews — jeroen-tel at 22, still mid-career, walking through the whole C64 road from BASIC player to Probe Software and the Nintendo CD.
  • GamesArt interview — Jeroen Tel (2015) summaryThe Tel Me More-era interview: why he crowdfunded remakes of his 1987–1991 C64 work, where the funk in his basslines comes from, and his first game credit named — Hawkeye .
  • Happy Computer 3/87 — Der Soundprofessor (Hülsbeck at work) summaryA reporter takes the 6:35 Intercity from Munich to visit the 18-year-old chris-huelsbeck in Langen — the earliest eyewitness account of his workplace in this wiki, published the month he joined rainbow-arts .
  • Hugi #38 — Up Close & Personal: Jeroen Tel of Maniacs of Noise (2014) summaryMagic of Nah-Kolor's interview with jeroen-tel for the diskmag Hugi, early 2014: biography, what rob-hubbard and martin-galway meant to him, his working methods in 2014, the state of maniacs-of-noise , and his live …
  • IMR interview — Chris Hülsbeck (1996) summaryA short questionnaire with one big claim: Hülsbeck believes he beat martin-galway to sampled sound on the sid — and lost the fame to a release delay.
  • IMR interview — Jeroen Tel (1996) summaryThe scene-questionnaire Tel: aliases, group chronology and his own theory of why his music mattered. Settles his birthplace : "I was born on the 19th of May 1972 in Eindhoven in the Netherlands. I have lived in Helmond …
  • Intense Tech #13 — Interview with LSDj Developer Johan Kotlinski (Defense Mechanism) summarydefense-mechanism interviews johan-kotlinski shortly before lsdj 's twentieth birthday: why the Game Boy, his background in the Swedish C64/Amiga scene, the birth of the Game Boy music movement, live mode, the changes …
  • My Computer Chronicles — Jens-Christian Huus / JCH (2017) summaryJens-Christian Huus — JCH of Vibrants , today the wiki's chordian — tells his whole computing life from 1983 to 2000: how a Danish postman with no musical education built the C64 music editor "that has since inspired …
  • Newman — Driving the SID chip: Assembly Language, Composition, and Sound Design for the C64 (2017) summaryAn academic article arguing that the C64's sound is as much the product of the composers' bespoke player routines ("drivers") as of the sid itself: rob-hubbard and martin-galway wrote their own 6502 drivers, and the …
  • OpenMPT manual — About OpenMPT summaryThe manual's own description of openmpt : what kind of tracker it is, its feature list, limitations and history from ModPlugin to open source.
  • ProTracker 2.3A ReadMe, 2.0A effect and format docs, version table summaryThe distribution texts of protracker 2.3A (1993) with the changelog back to 1.0, Lars Hamre's one-page effect list and MOD file-format description from 2.0A, and a later table of every ProTracker version and its makers.
  • Remix64 — An Interview with Martin Galway (Neil Carr, 2001) summaryNeil Carr's e-mail interview with martin-galway for the remix community site Remix64, dated 2001-03-28, when Galway was Audio Lead on Freelancer at Microsoft's Magic Anvil studio. Mostly about taste, remixes and career, …
  • SIDin #4 — Chris Abbott interview (Stefano Tognon, 2003) summaryAn email interview with chris-abbott — occasional SID composer, but above all the man behind C64Audio.com, the Back in Time CDs and the BIT Live concerts — done for sidin #4 in June 2003. Biography, the economics of the …
  • The Brief History of SID — Jan Harries (SIDwave), Vandalism News #64 (2015) summaryA scener's memoir of C64 music from 1982 to the 2010s, written by a ripper who says he has "seen many players, 5600+ to be exact" — opinionated, sometimes score-settling, but full of first-hand claims about who wrote …
  • The SID Homepage — Interview with Bob Yannes (Andreas Varga, August 1996) summaryandreas-varga 's e-mail interview with bob-yannes , the designer of the sid , done in August 1996 for the sid-homepage ; some questions came from King Fisher of Triad. The first half is about intentions and regrets, the …
  • The SID Homepage — Interviews with Jeroen Tel (Commodore Zone 1997, 64'er 3/91) summaryTwo reprinted interviews with jeroen-tel on the sid-homepage : a long commodore-zone interview from June 1997 (Warren Pilkington gave permission) and a short one from the German magazine 64'er, issue 3/91. Between them: …
  • The SID Homepage — Interviews with Martin Galway (Commodore Zone 6–7, Happy Computer 11/86) summaryTwo interviews with martin-galway reprinted on the sid-homepage : a long commodore-zone one from the mid-1990s and a short Happy Computer one from November 1986, when he was twenty and at Ocean. Together they give the …
  • The SID Homepage — Interviews with Rob Hubbard (Commodore Zone, Happy Computer 7/86) summaryTwo interviews with rob-hubbard reprinted on the sid-homepage : a commodore-zone question-and-answer by Waz and Kenz (answered "within 24 hours", from Electronic Arts, about 1997) and a short Happy Computer interview …
  • The SID Homepage — The creation of the SID chip (Christer Rindeblad) summaryA short column by Christer Rindeblad, reprinted on the sid-homepage , on how the sid came to be, with three quotes from bob-yannes . Its dates (project start, team, months of development) are the ones the wiki has for …
  • tracker-history release notes (ProTracker, FastTracker, Scream Tracker, Impulse Tracker, Schism, OpenMPT) summaryClaudio Matsuoka's dataset of tracker releases — name, author, date with its evidence (exit messages, file dates, changelogs, Wikipedia), and "based on / influenced by" links — for the six trackers this wiki covers. The …
  • TraxWeekly archive at OpenMPT.org (summary) summaryThe complete run of the traxweekly newsletter, mirrored as plain text files at OpenMPT.org. All 128 files (issues 001–119, an extra 07A , a TW.025 variant and seven standalone TW-ART articles) are stored in …
  • TW #11 — How to enhance your music collection (Popcorn) summaryA short guide by TraxWeekly's then editor to building a module collection; its value today is as a map of the 1995 distribution channels.
  • TW #26–#33, #50 — the 20 MeEnUhTz Chip Compo column (AmusiC) summaryThe weekly column of the 20-minute-chip-compo (20mc): its origin story, the rules, the voting system and its changes, three result tables from autumn 1995, and — in #50 — why it stopped after Christmas 1995 and came …
  • TW #32–#34 — Tracker Survey / New Tracker (Psibelius, Jason Diamond) summaryNot a survey of which trackers people used: TraxWeekly's two "Tracker Survey" notices asked readers to send feature wishes to Jason Diamond (diamond@deltanet.com, IRC nick mofochckn), who was writing "a totally new …
  • TW #37–38 — The Death of the Chiptune / Chiptunes Aren't Dead! summaryA two-part exchange from December 1995 that documents what "chiptune" meant in the PC tracker scene and the effect of the 20-minute-chip-compo .
  • TW #42 — Impulse Tracker v1.01 (Pulse) summaryjeffrey-lim 's release note for IT 1.01 (January 1996): a bug when saving a song with an empty order list (pattern 0 is not decompressed on load — press Alt-Backspace to restore it), fixes for the retrig command on the …
  • TW #46 — Serial Composition (shawnm / NOISE) summaryA short introduction to twelve-tone technique plus a 1994 music-history essay on Anton Webern, offered to the scene as "just another compositional technique to take into account". The author is shawnm , the Shawn of …
  • TW #64 — Potted Tracking History (Ganja Man) summaryA scener's oral history by ganja-man of lok , written in an afternoon; useful as the scene's own account of where trackers and "chip tunes" came from, not as a checked chronology.
  • TW #9 — Interview with Maelcum (k8to) summaryk8to interviews maelcum , founder of the kosmic Free Music Foundation — "a little more 'maelcum' oriented as opposed to 'trax' oriented".
  • TW #98 — Impulse Tracker Investment (Pulse) summaryjeffrey-lim on why he wrote and released impulse-tracker , and on being abused for asking US$30 for the stereo WAV writer.
  • Vandalism News #63 — Interview with Matt Gray (Jazzcat, 2014) summaryThe longest matt-gray interview: how he learnt 6502 to build his player, what he thinks a player is, why System 3 let him go, the Sanxion trick behind his Bangkok Knights bass, and his 1990s pop career (Motiv8, …
  • VGMPF wiki: Chris Hülsbeck summaryThe most detailed dated timeline of chris-huelsbeck 's C64 years anywhere on the web — a fan wiki, so every date below is second-hand, but it cites the interviews it was built from (listed at the end of the raw page).
  • VGMPF wiki: Maniacs of Noise, Jeroen Tel, Charles Deenen (+ the C64-Wiki roster) summaryFan-wiki pages (secondary, but dated and footnoted to disk-mag interviews) that say plainly how maniacs-of-noise worked: one driver, written by charles-deenen , into which jeroen-tel and the others typed hex in Turbo …